Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90).
- Diabetic ketoacidosis – form of metabolic acidosis that is particularly common as a complication of diabetes mellitus in the presence of absolute insulin deficiency; causative is an excessive concentration of ketone bodies in the blood.
- Hyperthyroidism (hyperthyroidism).
- Addison’s disease (adrenocortical insufficiency) – disease in which there is primarily a failure of aldosterone and cortisol secretion.
- Porphyria or acute intermittent porphyria (AIP); genetic disease with autosomal dominant inheritance; patients with this disease have a 50 percent reduction in the activity of the enzyme porphobilinogen deaminase (PBG-D), which is sufficient for porphyrin synthesis. Triggers of a porphyria attack, which can last a few days but also months, are infections, drugs or alcohol. The clinical picture of these attacks presents as acute abdomen or neurological deficits, which can take a lethal course. The leading symptoms of acute porphyria are intermittent neurologic and psychiatric disturbances. Autonomic neuropathy is often prominent, causing abdominal colic (acute abdomen), nausea (nausea), vomiting, or constipation (constipation), as well as tachycardia (heartbeats > 100 beats/min) and labile hypertension (high blood pressure).
- Wernicke’s encephalopathy (synonyms: Wernicke-Korsakow syndrome; Wernicke’s encephalopathy) – degenerative encephaloneuropathic disease of the brain in adulthood; clinical picture: brain-organic psychosyndrome (HOPS) with memory loss, psychosis, confusion, apathy, and gait and stance unsteadiness (cerebellar ataxia) and eye movement disorders / eye muscle paralysis (horizontal nystagmus, anisocoria, diplopia)); vitamin B1 deficiency (thiamine deficiency).
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).
- Chronic Helicobacter pylori infection – the most common cause of chronic gastritis, accounting for 80-90%.
- Gastroenteritis (gastrointestinal flu), unspecified.
Liver, gallbladder, and biliary tract-pancreas (pancreas) (K70-K77; K80-K87).
- Hepatitis (inflammation of the liver), unspecified.
- Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas).
Mouth, esophagus (esophagus), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93).
- Appendicitis (appendicitis).
- Ileus (intestinal obstruction) and subileus (incomplete intestinal obstruction).
- Ulcus duodeni (duodenal ulcer).
- Ulcus ventriculi (gastric ulcer)
- Diaphragmatic hernia – soft tissue hernia in the area of the diaphragm with overflow of peritoneum into the chest.
Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48).
- Gastric carcinoma (stomach cancer)
Nervous system (G00-G99)
- Korsakov psychosis – psychosyndrome in which there is weakness of memory and disorientation, which are the result of brain atrophy.
- Migraine
- Vestibular disorders, unspecified
Psyche – nervous system (F00-F99; G00-G99)
- Eating disorders
- Psychogenic hyperemesis
Pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium (O00-O99)
- Emesis gravidarum (vomiting during pregnancy).
- Preeclampsia – condition occurring during pregnancy that is associated with the symptoms of edema (water retention in the tissues), proteinuria (increased excretion of protein in the urine), and arterial hypertension (high blood pressure)
Symptoms and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not elsewhere classified (R00-R99)
- Infectious vomiting
- Uremia (occurrence of urinary substances in the blood above normal values).
Genitourinary system (kidneys, urinary tract – reproductive organs) (N00-N99).
- Myoma (benign neoplasm of the muscles in the uterus), incarcerated or infarcted (“affected by an infarction event”).
- Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones).
- Pyelonephritis (inflammation of the renal pelvis)
Medication
- Iron supplements
Environmental pollution – intoxications (poisonings)
- Food poisoning, unspecified
