Obligatory medical device diagnostics.
- Esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD; endoscopy of esophagus, stomach, and duodenum) with biopsies (sampling) from all suspicious lesions; in Barrett’s esophagus, additional 4-quadrant biopsies – for recurrent vomiting; for suspected reflux (gastroesophageal reflux disease; heartburn), duodenal ulcer, ventricular ulcer, or gastric carcinoma.
Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, laboratory diagnostics and obligatory medical device diagnostics – for differential diagnosis depending on the duration and suspected diagnosis.
- X-ray abdominal empty – especially if stenosis (narrowing) in the gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal tract), ileus (intestinal obstruction) is suspected.
- Electrocardiogram (ECG; recording of the electrical activity of the heart muscle) – to exclude cardiac arrhythmias or myocardial infarction (heart attack).
- Abdominal ultrasonography (ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs) – for suspected cholecystitis (gallbladder inflammation), cholelithiasis (gallstone disease), pancreatitis (pancreatitis) or appendicitis (appendicitis).
- Colonoscopy (colonoscopy) – for suspected intestinal diseases such as tumors or stenosis (narrowing).
- Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen (abdominal CT) – if pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas), tumors are suspected.
- Magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen (abdominal MRI) – for suspected pancreatitis (pancreatitis), tumors.
- Computed tomography of the skull (cranial CT, cranial CT or cCT) – for suspected cerebrospinal fluid circulation disorders, brain tumor/hemorrhage.
- Magnetic resonance imaging of the skull (cranial MRI, cranial MRI or cMRI) – for suspected CSF circulation disorders, brain tumor/bleeding.
- Angiography (imaging of blood vessels by contrast medium in an X-ray examination) of the abdominal vessels – to exclude an arteria mesenterica superior syndrome/angina abdominalis (pain in circulatory disorders of the intestine)
- I.v. pyelogram (synonyms: IVP; i.v. urogram; urogram; i.v. urography; excretory urography; excretory pyelogram; intravenous excretory urogram; radiographic representation of the urinary organs or the urinary tract system) – in suspected urolithiasis (urinary stone disease) or stone-related diseases of the urinary organs, inflammatory diseases of the urinary organs.
- Gastrointestinal function diagnostics – such as a gastric scintigraphy to exclude gastric paresis (gastric paralysis).
