Vomiting of Blood (Hematemesis): Test and Diagnosis

Laboratory parameters of the 1st order – obligatory laboratory tests.

  • Small blood count
  • Differential blood count
  • Liver parameters – alanine aminotransferase (ALT, GPT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST, GOT), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (gamma-GT, GGT), alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin.
  • Coagulation parameters – PTT, Quick

Laboratory parameters 2nd order – depending on the results of the history, physical examination and mandatory laboratory parameters – for differential diagnostic clarification.

  • Examination of gastroscopy (gastroscopy) specimens for Helicobacter pylori – if peptic ulcer (benign ulcers located in sections of the digestive tract that come into contact with gastric juice) is suspected.
  • Inflammatory parameters – CRP (C-reactive protein).
  • Renal parameters – creatinine, urea.
  • Autoimmune diagnostics (for suspected periarteritis nodosa, systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE):
    • Autoantibodies such as ANA (antinuclear antibodies)Anti-ds-DNA, ENA in case of positive ANA.
    • Granulocyte cytoplasmic antibodies (antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies; ANCA, ACPA).
  • Alcohol level
  • Tumor markers:
    • Gastric carcinoma (stomach cancer):
      • CA 72-4 (initial marker) or
      • Ca 19-9 (gastrointestinal cancer antigen; secondary marker in combination with CEA).
    • Esophageal cancer (cancer of the esophagus):