Water Retention (Edema): Or something else? Differential Diagnosis

Blood-forming organs – immune system (D50-D90).

  • Hereditary angioedema (HAE) – due to C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) deficiency (blood protein deficiency); approximately 6% of cases:
    • Type 1 (85% of cases) – decreased activity and concentration of C1 inhibitor; autosomal dominant inheritance (new mutations about 25% of cases).
    • Type II (15% of cases) – decreased activity with normal or increased concentration of C1 inhibitor; expression of an abnormal C1-INH gene.

    Characterized by episodic skin and mucosal swelling, which may occur on the face and often on the extremities and gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal tract); furthermore, recurrent (recurrent) abdominal colic, acute ascites (abdominal dropsy) and edema (water retention), which occur up to twice a week and last for about 3-5 days if untreated.

Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48).

  • Tumors

Pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium (O00-O99)

  • EPH-gestosis – pregnancy-associated triad of symptoms edema (edema), increased protein excretion in the urine (proteinuria) and hypertension (hypertension).

Injuries, poisoning, and other sequelae of external causes (S00-T98).

  • Angioneurotic edema (Quincke’s edema) – rapidly developing, painless, rarely itchy edema of skin, mucosa, and adjacent tissues due to a sudden increase in the permeability of vascular walls.
  • Extravasation – accidental application of drugs outside the punctured blood vessel.

Medication

  • See “Causes” under medications