What are the alternative diagnoses?
At the initial diagnosis of a mass of the testis several differential diagnoses must be excluded. These include so-called hydrocele. In these cases there is an accumulation of fluid around the testicle, which can be due to a congenital connection to the abdominal cavity or inflammation. Hydroceles are the most common benign mass of the testis.
How is an epididymal cyst treated?
Since epididymal cysts are usually not symptomatic, no therapy is indicated in most cases. However, if it is a large spermatocele or a fast-growing cyst, a surgical procedure with removal of the cyst may be necessary. This is particularly the case if functional difficulties occur when sitting or walking. This operation involves the removal of the testis including the epididymis, which leads to unilateral infertility (infertility). If the desire for a child is still present, surgery is usually not recommended.
What is the prognosis?
The prognosis of epididymal cysts (spermatocytes) is generally very good, as they do not cause any symptoms and rarely require treatment. If surgery is indicated, a minor surgical procedure is performed and the affected testicle is removed. Patients usually only have to spend a few days in hospital. Due to the premature removal of the testicle there is no risk of recurrence.
