Staging However, an exact assessment of the tumor stage is often only possible after the operation, when the tumor has been removed and the surgical specimen (resected) and the lymph nodes have been examined histologically under a microscope. T-stages: T1: Infiltration of the mucous membrane (mucosa) or muscles T2: Infiltration of the connective tissue following … Staging | Gall bladder cancer
Synonyms in a broader sense Gall bladder tumor, gall bladder carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, porcelain gall bladder Definition Although gallbladder carcinoma (gallbladder cancer) is a rare but very malignant tumor with a poor prognosis, since the symptoms, such as painless jaundice (icterus), often appear late. There are two different types of tumors. The squamous … Gall bladder cancer
Symptoms In most cases, no symptoms appear in the early stages, which is why the disease does not attract attention until it is at an advanced stage. The initial symptom is usually painless jaundice (icterus), which is caused by the narrowing of the bile ducts through the tumor, causing the bile to accumulate in the … Symptoms | Gall bladder cancer
Diagnostics Due to the unspecific symptoms, gallbladder carcinoma is sometimes diagnosed by chance during a routine examination (e.g. abdominal sonography) of the abdomen. If a carcinoma of the bile ducts is suspected, the patient must first be questioned in detail (anamnesis). During this process, one must especially search for the symptoms that indicate a bile … Gall bladder cancer diagnosis
Synonyms in a broader sense Gall bladder tumor, gall bladder carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, porcelain gall bladder Therapy The therapy of gallbladder carcinoma is very difficult, since most gallbladder carcinomas are diagnosed in an incurable (non-curative) stage. However, healing is only possible through an operation in which the entire tumor has been removed, including … Therapy of gallbladder cancer
Chemotherapy Unfortunately, gallbladder tumors are often not very sensitive to cytostatic drugs. However, some ongoing clinical studies are investigating which cytostatic drug combinations achieve the best results. Before an operation, chemotherapy, which is usually carried out in combination with radiotherapy (radiochemotherapy), can be used to try to induce a tumor reduction (neoadjuvant) so that the … Chemotherapy | Therapy of gallbladder cancer