Products
Deoxycholic acid was approved as an injectable in the United States in 2015 and in many countries in 2018 (Switzerland: Belkyra, United States: Kybella).
Structure and properties
Deoxycholic acid (C24H40O4, Mr = 392.6 g/mol) is a secondary bile acid, which is also formed in the human intestine by intestinal bacteria from primary bile acids.
Effects
Deoxycholic acid (ATC D11AX24) has cytolytic (cell-dissolving, adipocytolytic) properties. After injection, it leads to destruction of cell membranes and fat cells. The result is a mild inflammatory reaction. The cellular debris is removed by macrophages and phagocytes.
Indications
For the treatment of a “double chin” (fatty tissue under the chin):
- Moderate to severe convexity or fullness due to submental fat (SMF), when the presence of SMF has a significant psychological impact on the patient.
Dosage
According to the professional information. The drug is injected subcutaneously into the tissue several times during treatment. Therapy sessions may be repeated.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Local infections
Full precautions can be found in the drug label. The drug should not be used for other adipose tissue.
Adverse effects
The most common possible adverse effects include local swelling, bruising, pain, numbness, redness, and induration. Severe side effects such as injury to the nerves in the jaw may occur. Possible consequences include a crooked smile, muscle paralysis, and difficulty swallowing.