Obligatory medical device diagnostics.
- Electrocardiogram (ECG; recording of the electrical activity of the heart muscle).
Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, and obligatory laboratory parameters – for differential diagnostic clarification.
- X-ray of the thorax (X-ray thorax/chest), in two planes – to exclude pulmonary congestion; determination of heart size
- Echocardiography (echo; cardiac ultrasound) – ultrasound examination of the heart (usually transthoracic echocardiography is meant).
