Rheumatoid factor (rheumatoid factor) is autoantibodies of various subclasses (IgM, IgG, IgA, IgE) directed against specific regions of the body’s class G immunoglobulins (IgG) (Fc fragment of IgG). It can be used for the diagnosis of rheumatic diseases. Rheumatic forms include (frequency of a positive rheumatoid factor): Dermatomyositis (30%) – disease belonging to the collagenoses, … Rheumatoid Factor
Thyroperoxidase antibodies (= TPO-Ak or anti-TPO; thyroid peroxidase antibodies = PAK) or antibodies against microsomal thyroid antigen (microsomal antibodies, microsomal auto-AK = MAK) are thyroid autoantibodies that may be present in the blood in various diseases of the thyroid gland. Thyroperoxidase (thyroid peroxidase) represents an important component in the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones. It is … Thyroid Antibodies (TPO-Ak, PAH, MAK)
TSH receptor antibody (TRAK) is a thyroid autoantibody that may be present in the blood, particularly in Graves’ type hyperthyroidism. Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disease of the thyroid gland that is often associated with goiter (enlargement of the thyroid gland), hyperthyroidism (hyperthyroidism), and endocrine orbitopathy (involvement of the eyes). The antibody is directed against … TSH Receptor Antibody (TRAK)
Thyroglobulin antibody (TAK; thyroglobulin autoantibody (TGAK); thyroglobulin-Ak; Tg-Ak) is a thyroid autoantibody that may be present in the blood in various thyroid diseases. Thyroglobulin is a protein produced exclusively in the thyroid gland as a precursor for thyroxine and triiodothyronine.Thyroglobulin antibodies occur in destructive processes (e.g., thyroiditis, thyroid neoplasia) The procedure Material needed Blood serum … Thyroglobulin Antibody (TAK)
The ds-DNA (human leukocyte antigen) antibody is an antibody that can occur in lupus erythematosus (SLE) as well as other collagenoses. Collagenoses include: Dermatomyositis – disease that affects the skin and muscles and is associated primarily with diffuse pain on movement. Lupus erythematosus – systemic disease that affects the skin and connective tissue of the … DsDNA Antibody
Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are autoantibodies (AAK) against components of the cell nuclei that can be used for the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases, i.e., rheumatic diseases or collagenoses. ANA is the basic parameter within the framework of a step-by-step diagnosis for the clarification of an autoimmune disease. The rheumatic form circle or collagenoses include: Dermatomyositis – … Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)
Cyclic citrulline peptide antibody (CCP-Ak, anti-CCPAnti citrullinated peptide/protein antibodies, hence ACPA for short) is an antibody that can be used for the diagnosis of rheumatic diseases. The rheumatic form circle or collagenoses include: Dermatomyositis – disease belonging to the collagenoses, which affects the skin and muscles and is associated primarily with diffuse movement pain. Cryoglobulinemia … Cyclic Citrulline Peptide Antibodies (CCP-AK)
ENA antibodies are a group of autoantibodies that react against extractable nuclear antigens. Several individual parameters can be distinguished. These include: Actin Centromere protein-A/-B Hsp90 Ku (Ki) Jo-1 M2 PCNA Scl-70 Sm SS-A (Ro) SS-B (La) To/Th U1-RNP ENA antibodies can often be detected in collagenoses. Collagenoses include (frequency of detection): Dermatomyositis (anti-Jo-1 40%) – … ENA Antibodies
Granulocyte cytoplasmic antibody (antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody; auto-Ak against granulocyte cytoplasm; ANCA) is an antibody directed against granulocytes (immune defense cells). One can distinguish a diffuse (cANCA) from a perinuclear pattern (pANCA) in ANCA. The procedure Material needed Blood serum Preparation of the patient Not necessary Disruptive factors Therapy with corticoids Immunosuppressive therapy Normal value Normal … Granulocyte Cytoplasmic Antibody
