What is the cornea (eye)? The cornea of the eye is the translucent, anterior part of the outer skin of the eye. The much larger part of this eye skin is the sclera, which can be seen as the white part of the eye. The cornea is a flat protrusion at the front of the … Cornea (Eye): Structure and Function
What is the esophagus? The esophagus is a stretchable muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. Primarily, the esophagus ensures the transport of food and fluids through the throat and chest into the abdomen. An outer layer of connective tissue ensures the mobility of the esophagus in the chest cavity during swallowing. Blood … Esophagus: Structure and Function
What is the jejunum? The jejunum, the empty intestine, is the middle part of the small intestine, i.e. it lies between the duodenum and the ileum. There is no clear boundary to the latter. Both together (jejunum and ileum) are also called the small intestine. The jejunum begins at the level of the second lumbar … Jejunum (Small Intestine): Anatomy and Function
What is the blood-brain barrier? The blood-brain barrier is a barrier between the blood and the brain substance. It is formed by the endothelial cells on the inner wall of the blood capillaries in the brain and the astrocytes (a form of glial cells) surrounding the vessels. The endothelial cells in the capillary brain vessels … Blood-Brain Barrier: Structure and Function
What is the elbow? The elbow is a compound joint involving three bones – the humerus (upper arm bone) and the radius (radius) and ulna (ulna). More precisely, it is three partial joints with a common joint cavity and a single joint capsule that form a functional unit: Articulatio humeroulnaris (joint connection between the humerus … Elbow: Function, Anatomy and Diseases
What is the hip joint? The hip joint is the articulated connection between the head of the femur – the upper end of the thigh bone (femur) – and the socket (acetabulum) of the hip bone. Like the shoulder joint, it is a ball-and-socket joint that can move about three main axes. In principle, the … Hip Joint: Function, Anatomy, and Diseases
Venous versus arterial Arteries carry blood away from the heart, veins towards the heart. The proportion of the two types of vessels in the circulatory system is very different: compared to the veins, which make up the majority of blood vessels at around 75 percent, arteries are outnumbered at only around 20 percent (capillaries five … Artery: Structure and Function
What is the ulna? The ulna is a long bone that lies parallel and close to the radius (radius) and is connected to it by a strong membrane of tight connective tissue. There are three parts to the ulna: the shaft (corpus) and an upper (proximal) and lower (distal) end. The shaft of the ulna … Ulna: Function, Anatomy, and Diseases
What is the seminal vesicle? The seminal vesicle (vesicula seminalis) is a paired gland next to the prostate. It produces an alkaline and highly fructose-containing secretion that is added to the ejaculate. The proportion that this secretion contributes to the ejaculate varies between 60 and 70 percent. How does the secretion get into the ejaculate? … Seminal vesicle: Structure and function
What is bile? Bile is a yellow to dark green liquid that consists of around 80 percent water. The remaining 20 percent or so consists mainly of bile acids, but also of other substances such as phospholipids (such as lecithin), enzymes, cholesterol, hormones, electrolytes, glycoproteins (proteins with a carbohydrate content) and waste products. It also … Gallbladder: anatomy, functions
What are teeth? Teeth are the main tools for “chopping” food, i.e. mechanical digestion. They are harder than the bones – the enamel, which is thickest on the chewing surface, is the hardest substance in the body. Milk teeth and adult dentition Children’s primary dentition consists of 20 teeth (deciduous teeth, Latin: dentes decidui): Five … Teeth: Function, Anatomy, and Diseases
What is the organ of balance? The sense of balance comes from the interaction of the organ of balance in the inner ear with the eyes and the central processing of information in the brain. The organ of balance (ear) consists of two different systems: The static system responds to linear motion and gravity. The … Balance Organ (Vestibular Apparatus): How it works
