According to NYHA (New York Heart Association) guidelines, heart failure is classified as follows (defined in 1928).
Classification | Clinic | Cardiac output (CV) | End-diastolic ventricular pressure |
NYHA I(asymptomatic) | Absence of symptoms at rest | normal under stress | increased under load |
NYHA II(mild) | Impaired exercise capacity with greater physical exertion | Normal under load | elevated at rest |
NYHA III(moderate) | Marked limitation of performance even with low exertion, but no discomfort at rest | Diminished under load | increased at rest |
NYHA IV(severe) | Complaints already at rest (resting insufficiency) | Diminished at rest | greatly increased at rest |
Stages of heart failure according to AHA (American Heart Association)/ACC (American College of Cardiology):
Stage | Clinic |
A |
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B |
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C |
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D |
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