Definition The term hypertrophy is composed of the ancient Greek words “hyper” (excessive) and “trophein” (to feed). In medicine, hypertrophy refers to the enlargement of an organ because the individual cells of the organ increase in size. Thus, in hypertrophy, the individual cells of the organ are enlarged, but the number of cells remains the … Hypertrophy
Hypertrophy of the heart The heart ensures that blood is pumped through the body and consists of heart muscle cells. Hypertrophy of the heart means that the individual heart muscle cells grow, but their number remains unchanged. This can be caused by various diseases of the heart, the most important being valvular defects, high blood … Hypertrophy of the heart | Hypertrophy
Hypertrophy of the turbinates The nasal conchae (Conchae nasales) are located inside the nose, where the nose no longer consists of cartilage but of bone. There are three nasal conchae on each side: one upper, one middle and one lower. The nasal conchae are small bone ridges covered with mucous membrane. The nasal conchae increase … Hypertrophy of the turbinates | Hypertrophy
Hypertrophy of facet joints Each vertebral body has two upward and two downward oriented joint surfaces, which are called facet joints (Facies articularis superior and inferior). The facet joints connect the individual vertebral bodies with each other and thus enable the mobility of the spine. The shape and alignment of the facet joints are the … Hypertrophy of facet joints | Hypertrophy
Introduction Beta-blockers are a group of drugs that are mainly used to treat arterial hypertension (high blood pressure) or cardiac arrhythmia. It takes advantage of the fact that receptors, which are located in the heart muscle, are blocked by a beta-blocker and thus adrenaline cannot be applied to them. Adrenaline is a substance that raises … Beta-blockers and sport – how does that go together?
Load test If patients suffer from high blood pressure or cardiac arrhythmia, they should also have a stress ECG if a beta-blocker is used, if it is planned to take up sports activities. Usually on a bicycle the patient has to pedal until a certain load is reached. At the same time, the heart currents … Load test | Beta-blockers and sport – how does that go together?
Beta blockers as doping agents in sport Of course, the desired, or even the undesired, effects of beta-blockers can be used as a method of doping, even in sports. Especially in sports that require great accuracy and full concentration, beta blockers clearly have a performance-enhancing effect. By taking beta-blockers, tension and nervousness before competitions can … Beta blockers as doping agents in sport | Beta-blockers and sport – how does that go together?
