Definition Cell plasma or cytoplasm is the complete content of the cell with the exception of cell organelles. Cytoplasm is an organic fluid that forms the basic substance of every cell. Besides water, cytoplasm consists mainly of proteins, nutrients and enzymes that are essential for the cell’s function. Function of the cell plasma The cytoplasm … Cell plasma in the human body
What is the cell membrane? In prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, the cell membrane describes the envelope of the cell plasma. Thus, the cell membrane protects the cell from external influences. The basic structure of the cell membrane is the same for all cells. The basic structure is a double fat layer (lipid bilayer). This consists … What is the cell membrane? | Cell plasma in the human body
Hypertrophy of the heart The heart ensures that blood is pumped through the body and consists of heart muscle cells. Hypertrophy of the heart means that the individual heart muscle cells grow, but their number remains unchanged. This can be caused by various diseases of the heart, the most important being valvular defects, high blood … Hypertrophy of the heart | Hypertrophy
Hypertrophy of the turbinates The nasal conchae (Conchae nasales) are located inside the nose, where the nose no longer consists of cartilage but of bone. There are three nasal conchae on each side: one upper, one middle and one lower. The nasal conchae are small bone ridges covered with mucous membrane. The nasal conchae increase … Hypertrophy of the turbinates | Hypertrophy
Hypertrophy of facet joints Each vertebral body has two upward and two downward oriented joint surfaces, which are called facet joints (Facies articularis superior and inferior). The facet joints connect the individual vertebral bodies with each other and thus enable the mobility of the spine. The shape and alignment of the facet joints are the … Hypertrophy of facet joints | Hypertrophy
Definition The term hypertrophy is composed of the ancient Greek words “hyper” (excessive) and “trophein” (to feed). In medicine, hypertrophy refers to the enlargement of an organ because the individual cells of the organ increase in size. Thus, in hypertrophy, the individual cells of the organ are enlarged, but the number of cells remains the … Hypertrophy
Definition The epithelium is one of the four basic tissues of the body and is also called the covering tissue. Almost all body surfaces are covered by epithelium. These include both external surfaces, such as the skin, and the internal surfaces of hollow organs, such as the bladder. The epithelium is an extensive group of … Epithelium
Epithelium of the eye The stomach is internally lined by the gastric mucosa, the innermost layer of which forms a single-layered, highly prismatic epithelium. This means that the epithelial cells have an elongated shape. The individual cells are connected to each other by special connections, so-called tight junctions. The epithelium and the adjacent layers form … Epithelium of the eye | Epithelium
Epithelium of the skin The skin (epidermis) is separated from the outside by a multi-layered cornified squamous epithelium. This provides mechanical protection, prevents the penetration of bacteria and prevents the body from drying out. It is called squamous epithelium because the uppermost cell layer consists of flat cells. Since these cells die constantly, turn into … Epithelium of the skin | Epithelium
Carcinomas Carcinomas, i.e. malignant tumors, can also develop in epithelia. Here there are different types, which arise from different types of epithelium. They must be distinguished from the so-called adenomas, which are benign tumors of glands of the epithelium. Papillomas are also benign epithelial growths.A carcinoma can develop from squamous epithelium, then one speaks of … Carcinomas | Epithelium
What is mitosis? Mitosis describes the process of cell division. Cell division begins with the doubling of DNA and ends with the strangulation of the new cell. Thus, two identical daughter cells are formed from a mother cell, which contain the same genetic information. During the entire mitosis process, both the mother cell and the … Mitosis – Simply explained!
What are the stages of mitosis? The cell cycle, which is responsible for cell division and thus also for cell proliferation, can be divided into interphase and mitosis. In interphase, the DNA is doubled and the cell is prepared for the upcoming mitosis. This phase of the cell cycle can be of varying length and … What are the stages of mitosis? | Mitosis – Simply explained!
