Excitation transmission from cell to cell – even from nerve cell to nerve cell – occurs through synapses. These are junctions between two nerve cells or between nerve cell and other tissue cells that are specialized for signal transmission and reception. In most cases, signal transmission occurs via so-called messenger substances (neurotransmitters); only in the … Excitation Transmission: Function, Task & Diseases
There are 3 different causes of muscle loss. On the one hand, the “normal” loss as part of the aging process comes into question. Second, the decrease in muscle mass may be a result of inactivity or disease of the muscle or nervous system. What is muscle wasting? Muscle wasting means that a muscle measurably … Muscle Breakdown: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
The abdominal wall reflex is an intrinsic reflex of the human body that leads to involuntary contraction of the abdominal muscles. The function of the abdominal wall reflex is to protect the abdominal muscle from passive overstretching, thereby preventing damage to it. Its absence may indicate damage to the pyramidal tract, for example, as a … Abdominal Wall Reflex: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
The stretch reflex refers to the intrinsic reflex in which stretching of the muscle results in contraction of the muscle to either maintain or change muscle length. The stretch reflex is built on a monosynaptic reflex arc and is measured by the muscle spindles, which protect the muscle from overstretching. A medical professional tests the … Stretch Reflex: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
The term contraction (Latin contrahere = to contract) is used to describe the process by which a muscle either shortens or increases its tension. There are different types of contractions with different functional significance. What is the coronary contraction? The term contraction (Latin contrahere = to contract) is used to describe the process by which … Contraction: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
The radius periosteal reflex is an intrinsic reflex of the human body. Normally, a blow to the arm triggers a slight flexion of the forearm; if the reflex is absent, this may indicate a neurological or muscular disorder. What is the radial periosteal reflex? The radius periosteal reflex is an intrinsic reflex of the human … Radial Periosteal Reflex: Function, Role & Diseases
Shock absorber function refers to the fascial ability to distribute the energy of impact in different directions, thereby attenuating it. After traumatic injury, fascia reorganizes as part of the shock absorber function. Massages return the fibers to their initial position and restore their functions. What is the shock absorber function? Shock absorber function is the … Shock Absorber Function: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
The accessorius nerve is a motor nerve known as the eleventh cranial nerve. It has two distinct branches and innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles for motor function. Damage to the nerve can result in head-turning or trapezius palsy. What is the accessorius nerve? In the human body, the nervous system consists of motor, sensory, … Accessory Nerve: Structure, Function & Diseases
Argyll-Robertson sign is a reflex pupillary rigidity with intact near accommodation of the eyes. In this case, a midbrain lesion abolishes the light responsiveness of one or both eyes. This phenomenon plays a role in disorders such as neurolues. What is the Argyll-Robertson sign? The Argyll-Robertson sign is an indication of cerebral dysfunction in the … Argyll-Robertson Sign: Function, Task & Diseases
Near fixation is the visual concentration on a stimulus in the immediate vicinity. The optic pit is the retinal point of sharpest vision and is used for fixation. In addition to the visual pit, the near accommodation of the eye is required for near fixation. What is near fixation? In medicine, near fixation is the … Proximal Fixation: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
With the ability of light-dark adaptation, human eyes are able to adapt to lighting conditions. These are two opposing processes of the visual system. Disturbances in light-dark adaptation can occur in vitamin A deficiency and after damage to the central nervous visual pathway. What is light-dark adaptation? With the ability of light-dark adaptation, human eyes … Light-dark Adaptation: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Reactive movements are motor responses to physical and mental stimuli that are distinct from spontaneous movements. Essentially, reactive movements are based on the stretch-shortening cycle that occurs when muscles are actively lengthened. Reactive force is subject to disturbances in neurogenic lesions of the extrapyramidal system. What are reactive movements? Reactive movements usually correspond to rapid … Reactive Movements: Function, Task & Diseases
