Nuclear division (mitosis) of cells of eukaryotic organisms with replication of DNA can be divided into four main phases. The second main phase is called metaphase, during which chromosomes contract in a spiral pattern and position themselves in the equatorial plane at approximately equal distances from both opposite poles. The spindle fibers, starting from both … Metaphase: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Methylation is a chemical process in which a methyl group is transferred from one molecule to another. In DNA methylation, a methyl group couples to a specific part of DNA, thus altering a building block of the genetic material. What is DNA methylation? In DNA methylation, a methyl group couples to a specific part of … DNA Methylation: Function, Role & Diseases
Epigenetics is concerned with changing gene activity without changing the DNA sequence of the gene. Many processes in the body are based on the processes of epigenetics. Recent research demonstrates its importance in the ability of the organism to modify itself in the context of environmental influences. What is epigenetics? The term epigenetics refers to … Epigenetics: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Alkylation characterizes the transfer of an alkyl group from one molecule to another. Alkylations have mutagenic and carcinogenic effects, as DNA and RNA are often attacked and altered by alkylating agents. The so-called alkylating agents are used in medicine, on the one hand, to inhibit cell growth as cytostatics and, on the other hand, are … Alkylation: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
A transdetermination in biology represents the reprogramming of a differentiated somatic cell. In general, the process of differentiation of somatic cells from the fertilized egg to the fully formed organism is irreversible. However, under certain conditions, a cell determined in its differentiation can be reprogrammed. What is transdetermination? In general, the process of differentiation of … Transdetermination: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Transdifferentiation involves metamorphosis. The differentiated cells of a particular cotyledon are transformed into the cells of another cotyledon by processes such as histone deacetylation and methylation. Defective processes of transdifferentiation underlie many diseases, such as Barrett’s esthrophagus. What is transdifferentiation? Scientists associate transdifferentiation ability primarily with human stem cells. Embryonic development occurs on the basis … Transdifferentiation: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
