How does laryngeal cancer manifest itself?
The signs of laryngeal cancer depend on the location of the tumor on the larynx. There are no differences between men and women in terms of laryngeal cancer symptoms.
Laryngeal cancer symptoms in glottic tumors
In around two thirds of all laryngeal cancer cases, the tumor grows in the glottis, which consists of the vocal cords and the cartilage. Early symptoms that indicate a glottic tumor are
- Persistent hoarseness with a rough, breathy vocal sound
- Persistent scratchy throat and/or constant need to clear the throat
- Chronic cough
If these symptoms persist for more than three/four weeks, it is advisable to consult a doctor. This is the only way to determine the cause. In a later, advanced stage of glottic laryngeal cancer, further symptoms are added:
- Breathing difficulties with audible breathing noise
- Shortness of breath (dyspnoea)
- earache
As the initial symptoms are already quite noticeable, glottic carcinomas can usually be detected early.
Laryngeal cancer symptoms in supraglottic tumors
Malignant tumors above the level of the vocal folds (supraglottis) are the second most common form of laryngeal cancer. Early symptoms are
- Pain when swallowing
- Unexplained dysphagia
- An unclear foreign body sensation in the throat and pain radiating to the ears
The great danger of supraglottic carcinomas lies in the fact that they can usually only be detected relatively late. At the time of diagnosis, metastases of the tumor have usually already formed in the cervical lymph nodes. This can be recognized by a palpable lump on the neck, which is usually painless.
Laryngeal cancer symptoms in subglottic tumors
Laryngeal cancer rarely develops in the area below the level of the vocal folds. Symptoms of such subglottic tumors become noticeable relatively late: Only the growth in size leads to breathing difficulties. If the vocal folds become fixed, hoarseness occurs.
Have possible signs of laryngeal cancer clarified at an early stage
If you notice one or more of the symptoms mentioned, it is important that you see a doctor – in case it is actually laryngeal cancer symptoms.
A new onset of hoarseness that lasts longer than two to three weeks is particularly noticeable. This may indicate a tumor in the area of the vocal folds. An ear, nose and throat specialist will clarify persistent hoarseness and other possible laryngeal cancer symptoms and, if necessary, initiate immediate treatment.
