Interleukins form a subset of cytokines, cellular messengers that control the immune system. Interleukins are short-chain peptide hormones of 75 to 125 amino acids. They mainly control the local deployment of leukocytes at sites of inflammation, although they can also have systemic effects as in triggering fever. What are interleukins? Interleukins (IL) are short-chain peptide … Interleukins: Function & Diseases
Amodiaquine is an active ingredient used to treat malaria. It is used as a monotherapy and combination preparation, particularly against malaria tropica, which is caused by the unicellular parasite Plasmodium falciparum. What is amodiaquine? Amodiaquine is an active ingredient used to treat malaria. Amodiaquine is an aromatic hydrocarbon. It belongs to the 4-amino-choline group and … Amodiaquine: Effects, Uses & Risks
The internal jugular vein is a vein in the head that extends from the base of the skull to the angle of the vein. At the jugular foramen, bleeding from the vein can damage cranial nerves IX through XI, each leading to characteristic syndromes. What is the internal jugular vein? The internal jugular vein is … Internal Jugular Vein: Structure, Function & Diseases
The ascending lumbar vein is an ascending blood vessel that runs alongside the spine. In the right half of the body, it flows into the azygos vein, while on the left it flows into the hemiazygos vein. The ascending lumbar vein may provide a bypass route in cases of inferior vena cava embolism. What is … Ascending Lumbar Vein: Structure, Function & Diseases
The venous angle (angulus venosus) is formed by the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein, which join to form the brachiocephalic vein. The left venous angle also contains the largest lymphatic vessel in humans, the thoracic duct. Diseases of the lymphatic system include lymphedema and lymphangitis. What is the venous angle? The venous angle … Venous Angle: Structure, Function & Diseases
Purpura chronica progressiva is a group of diseases that cause punctate skin lesions due to hemorrhage and hemosiderin deposition. Food additives, textile additives, medications and various primary diseases have been identified as causes. Therapy of the skin disease is cause-dependent. What is purpura chronica progressiva? Iron is an essential trace element that is indispensable for … Purpura Chronica Progressiva: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Apicomplexa, also called sporozoans, are unicellular parasites with nuclei whose reproduction alternates between asexual schizogony and sporozoites resulting from sexual fusion of gametes. As a rule, the alternation is associated with a host change typical of apicomplexa. The best-known representatives of apicomplexa belonging to the eukaryotes are Plasmodia (causative agent of malaria) and Toxoplasma gondii … Apicomplexa: Infection, Transmission & Diseases
Apixaban is a relatively new drug prescribed to prevent thrombosis. It is used in patients who have undergone knee replacement surgery or hip replacement surgery. In this case, it is one of the preferred preparations because it can be administered in tablet form and is easier to dose than other preparations that also prevent blood … Apixaban: Effects, Uses & Risks
DNA synthesis occurs as part of the replication of DNA. DNA is the carrier of genetic information and controls all life processes. It is located in the nucleus of the cell in humans as in all other living organisms. DNA has the form of a double strand, similar to a winding rope ladder, which is … DNA Synthesis: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
The enzyme catalase is highly reactive and specialized in detoxifying body cells. It works on the basis of iron and is even more efficient when combined with other trace elements. In microbiology, it is used for preliminary differentiation of bacteria. What is catalase? Catalase removes toxic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) from cells, as they would otherwise … Catalase: Function & Diseases
Hematology is the study of blood and its functions. This branch of medicine refers to the physiology and pathology of the blood. Hematology is of great importance in routine diagnostics, in the follow-up of a wide variety of diseases, but also in basic research. More than 90 percent of all medical diagnoses are based on … Hematology: Treatment, Effects & Risks
Hematopoiesis is the technical language word for blood formation. It is a highly complex process that takes place largely in the bone marrow. What is hematopoiesis? Erythrocytes or red blood cells are the most abundant cells in human blood. Among other things, they serve to transport oxygen from the lungs to the organs, bones, and … Hematopoiesis (Blood Formation): Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
