Products
Tartrazine is available as a powder in specialized stores.
Structure and properties
Tartrazine (C16H9N4Na3O9S2, Mr = 534.4 g/mol) belongs to the azo dyes. It is a benzenesulfonic acid and a pyrazolone derivative present as a sodium salt. Tartrazine is an orange powder that is highly soluble in water. It is produced synthetically (artificially). It is structurally related to the analgesic metamizole (e.g., Novalgin).
Indications for use
Tartrazine is used as a lemon-yellow to orange dye in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, among other applications. The substance can also be used as an indicator.
Adverse effects
Tartrazine can cause pseudoallergic reactions (intolerance reactions) such as hives, rhinitis, asthma, and cough in sensitive individuals. It has even been linked to the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ADHD. In the EU, foods containing tartrazine must carry the warning “May impair activity and attention in children.” In many countries, such labeling is not required.
