Amorolfine

Products

Amorolfine is commercially available for the treatment of a nail fungus as a nail polish (Loceryl, Curanel, 5%, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1991. Curanel was released in April 2011 and, unlike Loceryl, is available without a doctor’s prescription. It is also sold as Curanail in other countries. In 2014, generic versions were approved for the first time in many countries. This article refers to the treatment of a nail fungus. A cream was also previously available for the treatment of fungal skin infections.

Structure and properties

Amorolfine (C21H35NO, Mr = 317.5 g/mol) is a morpholine derivative that is structurally distinct from other antifungal agents. It is present in drugs as amorolfine hydrochloride. The active ingredient was originally developed at Hoffmann-La Roche.

Effects

Amorolfine (ATC D01AE16) has fungistatic to fungicidal properties and is effective against yeasts, dermatophytes, and molds, among others. The effects are based on inhibition of ergosterol synthesis, resulting in disruption of the cell membrane. Amorolfine penetrates deep into the nail and is detectable in antifungal concentrations for 14 days after application. As with other nail fungus treatments, not all patients can be cleared of stubborn fungi with amorolfine. Different figures are available on the success rate. According to the literature, it is about 50%.

Indications

For the treatment of nail fungus caused by dermatophytes, yeasts, and molds.

Dosage

According to the professional information and package leaflet.

  • File off the diseased parts of the nails with the enclosed nail files before the first application and subsequently as needed. Do not use the files for healthy nails!
  • Clean and degrease the nail with the alcohol swab. Remove the varnish layer of the last application.
  • Apply the nail polish with the applicator once or twice a week on the entire surface of the diseased nail.
  • The treatment days evt. enter in the calendar.

Since nails grow slowly, the duration of treatment is about 6 months for fingernails and 9 to 12 months for toenails. The therapy should be carried out continuously until the cure is achieved.

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity

For complete precautions, see the drug label.

Interactions

Drug-drug interactions are not known. Additive effects are possible in combination with other antifungal agents. Nail polish or artificial nails should not be used during treatment.

Adverse effects

Side effects rarely occur. Possible adverse effects include nail changes such as discoloration, brittle or broken nails, and skin burning and contact dermatitis.