Pathogenesis (disease development) – etiology (causes)
The causes of craniomandibular dysfunction (CMD) include numerous individual factors that must be accurately assessed to make a correct diagnosis.
Endogenous factors (internal factors)
- Malocclusions
- Posture
- Mouth breathing – especially in children
- Muscular overloads
- Occlusion disorders
- Parafunctions
- Psychological factors – stress
- Causes of the temporomandibular joint
Exogenous causes (external factors)
- Time factor – the longer a source of interference exists, the higher the risk of CMD.
- New or poorly fitting dentures
- Accidents or traumas
