Products
Epoetin alfa is commercially available as a solution for injection (Eprex, Binocrit, Abseamed). It has been approved in many countries since 1988.
Structure and properties
Epoetin alfa is a recombinant glycoprotein with a molecular mass of approximately 30 kDa produced by biotechnological methods. It is composed of 165 amino acids and has the same sequence as natural erythropoietin (EPO) produced in the kidney. The various recombinant epoetins differ in glycosylation pattern.
Effects
Epoetin alfa (ATC B03XA01) stimulates the formation of red blood cells in the bone marrow (erythropoiesis). It thus increases oxygen transport.
Indications
For the treatment of anemia of various causes (including chronic renal failure, tumor patients, preoperative).
Dosage
According to the SmPC. Epoetin alfa is administered either intravenously or subcutaneously, depending on the drug and indication.
Abuse
Epoetin alfa can be misused as a doping agent in cycling, for example. It is prohibited according to the doping list in professional sports, both out-of-competition and during competition. Epoetin alfa increases the supply of oxygen to tissues and muscles.
Contraindications
For complete precautions, see the drug label.
Adverse effects
The most common possible adverse effects include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, fever, headache, flu-like symptoms, skin rash, and high blood pressure. Hypersensitivity reactions may occur, and epoetin alfa increases the risk for thromboembolic events.
