Products
Etomidate is commercially available as an emulsion for injection (etomidate lipuro). It has been approved in many countries since 1993.
Structure and properties
Etomidate (C14H16N2O2, Mr = 244.3 g/mol) is a pure -enantiomer. The imidazole-5-carboxylate ester is present as a white powder that is very sparingly soluble in water.
Effects
Etomidate (ATC N01AX07) has sleep-inducing (hypnotic) properties and is not analgesic. It has a rapid onset of action (within one minute) and a short duration of action.
Indications
For induction of general anesthesia.
Dosage
According to the SmPC. The drug is injected intravenously and slowly only.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Newborns and infants up to 6 months of age.
For complete precautions, see the drug label.
Interactions
Pharmacodynamic effects may be potentiated by centrally depressant drugs (eg, neuroleptics, opioids, sedatives, and alcohol). CYP inhibitors may also potentiate effects.
Adverse effects
The most common potential adverse effects include:
- Inhibition of steroid synthesis by the adrenal cortex.
- Involuntary muscle movements
- Respiratory depression, apnea
- Transient drop in blood pressure
- Nausea and vomiting
- Pain during the injection
