Urinary stone analysis (stone analysis) is a procedure that reveals the exact composition of urinary stones. Guideline-based stone analysis is performed using Fourrier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), or polarized light microscopy. Urinary stones are caused by an imbalance in the physicochemical composition of urine with the formation of salt crystals. Many of … Urinary Stone Analysis
The acid-base balance of our body cells is the prerequisite for the optimal functioning of the vital functions of the entire organism.All metabolic and immune processes of the organism have a relatively narrow pH range in which they run optimally.Human blood has a pH normal value of 7.36 to 7.44.Man is therefore an “alkaline being”. … Daily Profile of Urine pH (Measurement Protocol)
Urine testing for pathogens is performed by urine culture (culture medium). To distinguish pathogens caused by skin contamination of urine from infectious agents, determining the identity of the pathogen (in addition to determining the number of pathogens) is of great importance. Typical skin pathogens are Staphylococcus epidermidis (90%) and other coagulase-negative staphylococci, as well as … Urinalysis for Pathogens
Osmolarity is the sum of the molar concentration of all osmotic particles per unit volume of a solution. These osmotically active substances include primarily calcium, chloride, glucose, urea, potassium, magnesium, and sodium. Thus, physiological serum osmolarity depends almost exclusively on sodium concentration. Osmotic changes in the other electrolytes are not compatible with life. The unit … Osmolarity: Definition
