Medical history (history of illness) is an important component in the diagnosis of anal venous thrombosis. Family history Social history What is your occupation? Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and psychological complaints). What complaints have you noticed? Did the discomfort occur within minutes to hours? How long have the complaints existed? Have you palpated a … Anal Vein Thrombosis: Medical History
Cardiovascular System (I00-I99). Mariske – nonretractable flaccid skin folds at the anus. Hemorrhoidal thrombosis (synonym: thrombosed hemorrhoid) – thrombosis (obstruction of a blood vessel by a clot) of one or more hemorrhoidal nodes. Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93). Anal abscess – collection of pus around the anus (with burning, stabbing, and … Anal Vein Thrombosis: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by anal venous thrombosis: Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93). Spontaneous rupture of anal vein thrombosis.
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; furthermore: Inspection of anal region/anal canal [redness?, swelling, nodules?, lobules?, prolapsed tissue?, prallel elastic nodule perianally (usually pinhead- to plum-sized), bluish-red, possibly several pearly strings in a row; at anal margin or … Anal Vein Thrombosis: Examination
Laboratory diagnosis is usually not required.
Therapeutic target Pain relief Therapy recommendations Analgesic/pain reliever (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, NSAIDs). Without therapy, spontaneous perforation (“opening without external action”) with emptying of the coagulum (blood clot) often occurs. See also under “Surgical therapy” and “Further therapy”. Further note Acute hemorrhoidal thrombosis should primarily be treated conservatively. Note: Anal vein thrombosis refers to thrombosis of … Anal Vein Thrombosis: Drug Therapy
Medical device diagnostics are usually not required. Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, laboratory diagnostics, and obligatory medical device diagnostics – for differential diagnostic clarification. Proctoscopy (rectoscopy; examination of the anal canal and lower rectum) – required only in cases of deep thrombosis localized in the anal … Anal Vein Thrombosis: Diagnostic Tests
1st order for severe pain and fresh anal vein thrombosis. Incision (“cutting”) and expression (squeezing) of the thrombus [risk of early recurrence/early recurrence and marisco formation/skin fold in the anus area]. Excision (surgical removal) of the entire affected area, including vessel. Further note Acute hemorrhoidal thrombosis should primarily be treated conservatively. Note: Anal vein thrombosis … Anal Vein Thrombosis: Surgical Therapy
To prevent anal venous thrombosis, attention must be paid to reducing individual risk factors. Behavioral risk factors Diet Spices, unspecified Stimulant consumption Alcohol Physical activity Unaccustomed heavy physical exertion, jogging, cycling, etc. Lifting, pressing (increased intra-abdominal pressure). Anal intercourse (mechanical cause) Disease-related risk factors. Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93). Hard bowel … Anal Vein Thrombosis: Prevention
The following symptoms and complaints may indicate anal venous thrombosis: Leading symptoms Acute onset of a prallelastic nodule perianally (usually pinhead- to plum-sized), bluish-red; on the anal verge or in the anal canal (appearing within minutes to hours) Very painful Itching, Stinging, burning perianal, accompanied by a strong feeling of tension or pressure pain. The … Anal Vein Thrombosis: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Pathogenesis (development of disease) The cause of anal venous thrombosis is a clot (blood clot) in the subcutaneous (“under the skin“) veins of the caudal haemorrhoidal plexus. A predisposing factor may be the presence of enlarged hemorrhoidal cushions. Anal venous thrombosis is often accompanied by phlebitis (inflammation of the superficial veins). It is not uncommon … Anal Vein Thrombosis: Causes
General measures Stool regulation – adequate fluid intake, bulking agents, lubricants, etc. Limited alcohol consumption (men: max. 25 g alcohol per day; women: max. 12 g alcohol per day).