Contraceptive options and their safety The Pearl Index (PI; named after the American biologist Raymond Pearl (1879-1940)) describes the reliability of a contraceptive measure (measure of contraception) by means of the number of gravidities (pregnancies) that occurred per 1,200 cycles of use or per 100 years of use. A Pearl index of 0.1 means that … Pearl Index: Safety of Contraceptive Methods
For hormonal contraception (hormonal contraceptives), estrogen-progestin combination preparations are predominantly used; more rarely, drugs containing only a progestin are used. They are used orally, transdermally (“through the skin“), vaginally (“via the vagina”), intrauterinally (intrauterine device/coil), subdermally (implant/hormone implant; contraceptive sticks) and intramuscularly (“into the muscle”) (depot preparation). The different compositions, dosages and methods of application … Substances, Mechanisms of Action and Forms of Hormonal Contraceptives
The following is a summary of the most important data on the risk of thromboembolism (occlusion of a blood vessel by a detached thrombus (blood clot )) under hormonal contraception (contraception with hormones). WHO has indicated four categories of risk constellations to facilitate the problem, and these are regularly revised and supplemented as necessary. Categories … Thromboembolism Risk due to Combined Hormonal Contraceptives
In addition to the actual task of contraception, hormonal contraceptives (contraception by hormones) have other useful indications. Additional or secondary indications of hormonal contraceptives: Cycle abnormalities or bleeding abnormalities (e.g., polymenorrhea, i.e., the interval between bleeding is less than 25 days; hypermenorrhea, i.e., bleeding is excessive; usually the individual uses more than five pads/tampons per … Hormonal Contraceptives Indications, Benefits, Effects
