Pathogenesis (development of disease)
The virus replicates (multiplies) locally in mucosal cells. It then invades the nerve cell processes and from there into the corresponding ganglion (cluster of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system), where they remain dormant until reactivated by various stressors.
Etiology (causes)
Behavioral causes
- Diet
- Micronutrient deficiency (vital substances) – see Prevention with micronutrients.
- Close physical contact
- Sexual contact
The following factors may promote reactivation:
Biographical causes
- Hormonal changes such as menstruation (period).
Behavioral causes
- Psycho-social situation
- Stress
- UV radiation
Causes related to disease
- Febrile infections
- Skin/mucous membrane lesions
Medication
- Immunosuppressive drugs
