Products
Kerosene is commercially available as an emulsion (Paragol N) and gel (Lansoyl). Paragar is no longer sold. In pharmacies or drugstores, the kerosene oil emulsion PH can be produced or thick kerosene PhEur can be dispensed as open goods. The corresponding manufacturing specification for kerosene oil emulsion can be found in Pharmacopoea Helvetica.
Structure and properties
Viscous kerosene (paraffinum liquidum), a purified mixture of liquid saturated hydrocarbons derived from petroleum, is used. It is a colorless, clear, oily liquid that is practically insoluble in water.
Effects
Kerosene (ATC A06AA01) is a laxative. It makes stool softer and more slippery, facilitating intestinal transit. The effect occurs after approximately 6-12 hours.
Indications
Kerosene is approved in many countries for short-term treatment of constipation.
Dosage
According to the drug label. Kerosene preparations should be taken in an upright position in the evening before bedtime. The effect occurs the next morning.
Contraindications
Kerosene is contraindicated in hypersensitivity, acute abdomen, intestinal obstruction, and appendicitis. Refer to the drug label for complete precautions.
Interactions
Kerosene may potentially decrease the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) and drugs. These include, for example, oral contraceptives. Agents with a constipating effect, such as opioids or some antidepressants, may weaken the effects of kerosene.
Adverse effects
Kerosene can rarely cause exogenous lipid pneumonia. This is an inflammatory disease of the lungs with nonspecific symptoms such as cough and difficulty breathing. It results from chronic aspiration of the mineral oil. Kerosene can also be absorbed to a small extent in the intestine and cause foreign body granulomas. Other possible adverse effects include fecal incontinence, which is common, and rarely anal itching. Vitamin deficiencies cannot be ruled out. However, the evidence for side effects is limited (Sharif, Crushell, 2001). In contrast, common side effects of other laxatives, such as flatulence, electrolyte imbalances, and cramps, are rarely observed.