Products
Methylaminolevulinate is commercially available as a cream (Metvix). It has been approved in many countries since 2003.
Structure and properties
Methylaminolevulinate (C6H11NO3, Mr = 145.2 g/mol) is an ester of aminolevulinic acid. It is present in the drug product as methylaminolevulinate hydrochloride, a white to slightly yellowish powder that is readily soluble in water.
Effects
Methylaminolevulinate (ATC L01XD03) has phototoxic and cytotoxic properties. After administration, photoactive porphyrins (e.g., protoporphyrin IX) accumulate intracellularly in treated skin sites. Due to light activation, they lead to the formation of reactive oxygen and phototoxicity.
Indications
- Thin or nonhyperkeratotic actinic keratoses on the face or scalp (2nd choice)
- Superficial basal cell carcinomas (2nd choice).
- Bowen’s disease
Dosage
According to the professional information in the context of photodynamic therapy (PDT). The cream is applied to the diseased skin and then irradiated with red light.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Morphaeaform basalioma
For complete precautions, see the drug label.
Interactions
There are no known drug-drug interactions.
Adverse effects
The most common possible adverse effects include local discomfort such as skin pain, skin burning, a crusting effect, and skin redness (erythema).
