Periodontal surgical therapy
Second step of dental therapy – the goal is to restore and regenerate periodontal structures.
- Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) – procedures aimed at restoring periodontal (tooth-supporting) structures lost in intrabony defects (see below Guided tissue regeneration (GTR)).
- Gingivectomy (gum removal).
- Gingivoplasty (modeling of the gums) – is used to correct small areas of the gums and is also not used if infraalveolar periodontal pockets (pockets extending into the bony tooth compartment) are present in the area to be treated
- Resective periodontal surgical procedures.
- Apical displacement flap with osteoplasty (bone reshaping) or limited osteotomy (cutting of bone) – to cover a gingival defect.
- Fibre Retention Osseous Resective Surgery – this procedure consists of using the connective tissue attachment, rather than the bottom of the bone pocket, as a reference for bone surgery.
- Bone implantation
- Furcation treatment (see below periodontal surgery).
Note: The result of a costly periodontal therapy can be permanently stabilized only if the patient is subsequently committed to the program of supportive periodontal therapy (UPT; synonyms: Supportive Periodontal Therapy; Periodontal Maintenance Therapy; PET).
