In retinal detachment (synonyms: Ablatio retinae; Ablatio retinae with retinal necrosis; Ablatio retinae with pseudoaphakia; Ablatio retinae with retinal necrosis; Ablatio retinae due to traction; Ablatio retinae exsudativa; Ablatio retinae exsudativa with tumor; Ablatio retinae with retinal foramen; Ablatio retinae with horseshoe foramen; Ablatio retinae with multiple foramina; Ablatio retinae with retinal defect; Ablatio retinae with orar tear; Ablatio retinae with retinal defect; Ablatio retinae with giant tear (not orar tear); Ablatio retinae with tear; Ablatio retinae with round hole; Ablatio retinae non sanata; Ablatio retinae without retinal defect; Ablatio retinae without retinal defect; Amotio retinae; Blessig-Ivanoff cyst; Inflammatory ablatio retinae exsudativa; retinal foramen; horseshoe foramen; retinal horseshoe foramen; retinal horseshoe tear without retinal detachment; retinal horseshoe tear without retinal detachment; retinal detachment; retinal detachment with defect; retinal detachment with retinal tear; retinal detachment without retinal tear; retinal defect; retinal foramen; Retinal fragment without retinal detachment; Retinal horseshoe tear without retinal detachment; Retinal hole; Retinal pseudocyst; Retinal tear; Retinal tear without retinal detachment; Retinal round hole without retinal detachment; Retinal traction detachment; Parasitic retinal cyst; Parasitic retinal cyst; Persistent ablatio retinae after surgery; Proliferative vitreoretinopathy with retinal detachment; Proliferative vitreoretinopathy with retinal detachment; Retinal detachment; Retinal detachment with defect; Retinal detachment without retinal tear; Retinal defect; Retinal hole without retinal detachment; Retinal hole with retinal detachment; Retinal hole without retinal detachment; Retinal hole without retinal detachment; Retinal cyst; Retinal sudocyst; Retinal tear with retinal detachment; Retinal tear with retinal detachment; Retinal tear without retinal detachment; Retinal hole without retinal detachment; Retinal rupture; Retinoschisis; Retinoschisis with layered foramen; Rhegmatogenous ablatio retinae; Rhegmatogenous amotio retinae; Round retinal foramen; Round retinal foramen; Schisisablatio; Senile retinoschisis; Serous retinal ablation without retinal tear; Serous retinal ablation without retinal tear; Serous retinal ablation; Serous retinal ablation without retinal tear; Serous retinal ablation; Serous retinal ablation without retinal tear; Traction ablation in old retinal ablation; Retinal traction ablation; Retinal traction ablation; Retinal traction ablation; Traumatic retinal rupture with retinal detachment; Traumatic retinal rupture with retinal detachment; Traumatic retinal rupture without detachment; Uveal effusion syndrome; Cyst of ora serrata; ICD-10-GM H33,-: Retinal detachment and retinal tear) is a partial or total detachment of the neuroretina (inner portions of the retina of the eye) from its supply layer, the retinal pigment epithelium (pars pigmentosa, RPE). Detachment of the retina is an ophthalmologic emergency! One can distinguish between a primary and secondary (due to other diseases) form of retinal detachment. Furthermore, the following forms of retinal detachment can be distinguished:
- Exudative or serous form (serous retinal detachment) – retinal detachment caused by penetration of fluid such as blood or serous fluid between the retina and epithelium.
- Rhegmatogenous form (rhegmatogenous retinal detachment) – retinal detachment occurring as a result of a retinal tear.
- Tractive form (tractive Ablatio retinae) – retinal detachment caused by traction.
- Tumor-related form (tumorous Ablatio retinae).
The most common is rhegmatogenous (tear-related) retinal detachment, which can be caused, for example, by a blow to the eye. As a special form, Ablatio retinae falciformis congenita may occur in immature newborns. Frequency peak: The disease occurs predominantly between the 5th and 7th decade of life. The prevalence (disease incidence) is 0.4% (in Germany). The incidence (frequency of new cases) is about 1 disease per 10,000 population per year (in Germany). Course and prognosis: If the retina with its nerve cells and photoreceptors (light receptors) is no longer supplied by the contact with the pigment epithelium, an irreparable loss of function may occur. The extent depends on the duration and on the extent to which the retina has already detached at the time of diagnosis. In the worst case, the eye may go blind. If the retina is surgically reattached, improvement can be achieved after weeks to months.
