Risk factors for hip arthrosis
As already mentioned above, there are various risk factors that increase the development of hip arthrosis and thus increase the probability of a hip prosthesis. Some important factors are listed below in brief. For some diseases you will find further information.
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- Congenital malpositions (e.g. hip luxation, Perthes disease, epiphysiolysis capitis femoris) that were not corrected in infancy.
- Overloading and incorrect strain at work or in sports
- Inflammation of joints (e.g. in rheumatic diseases),
- Fractures (especially: fractures of the femoral neck)
- Overweight (not a risk factor for arthritis as such. However, being overweight accelerates the progression of an already existing arthrosis).
- Lack of exercise
- Leg length difference
- Idiopathic necrosis (loss of bone mass as a result of inadequate blood circulation following injury (trauma).
- Bone tumors
SymptomsComplaints
The anamnesis (asking for the patient’s medical history) for the indication of a hip prosthesis is done on different levels. First, the family history is questioned with regard to frequent, early arthroses or rheumatic diseases. An individual anamnesis (subjective history of the disease) also appears important in order to be able to distinguish between primary and secondary osteoarthritis.
Within the scope of the patient’s own medical history, it is of interest whether hip joint diseases or operations have already taken place beforehand, whether metabolic diseases exist or whether the pain extends to other joints. Arthrosis mainly manifests itself in the form of pain in the groin and buttocks, but it can radiate from the hip joint to the thigh or even the knee joint. Pain in the area of the lumbar spine is also conceivable.
In addition, patients often complain of tarnishing, running-in or stress pain, which in more advanced stages can extend to pain at rest, especially at night. Due to the movement restrictions typical of hip arthrosis, which are due to the malposition of the hip joint and muscle tension, the patient’s quality of life can be severely restricted. Again and again, everyday “normal” movements are very difficult: the maximum walking distance is reduced, putting on shoes and stockings can become a strain. The picture on the top right shows the intraoperative findings of hip arthrosis. The femoral head and acetabulum are decartilaginous, exposing the bone in these areas.
