Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, laboratory diagnostics, and obligatory medical device diagnostics – for differential diagnostic clarification.
- Abdominal ultrasonography (ultrasound examination of abdominal organs) – for suspected involvement of abdominal organs [detection of granulomatous and fibrotic lesions in bladder, intestine and liver in advanced disease].
- Colonoscopy (colonoscopy)
- Urethrocystoscopy (cystoscopy) – exclusion of schistosomiasis-related urinary bladder cancer (bladder cancer).
- X-ray of the thorax (X-ray thorax/chest), in two planes – if lung involvement is suspected.
- Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen (abdominal CT) – for further diagnosis in suspected involvement of abdominal organs.