The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by scoliosis:
Respiratory system (J00-J99)
- Restriction of breathing
- Children <10 years of age with “early-onset scoliosis (EOS)” with a progressive course have a high risk of developing restrictive pulmonary dysfunction due to the resulting thoracic changes: in infantile and congenital EOS, moderate and severe ventilatory dysfunction occurs in 34% of cases
Cardiovascular system (I00-I99).
- Right heart strain → limitation of physical performance.
Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M99).
- Osteoarthritis (joint wear and tear)
- Asymmetry of the skull
- Pelvic obliquity (= leg length difference < 2 cm).
- Chondrosis – degenerative cartilage disease
- Restriction of mobility
- Malposition, later with fixation
- Lumbar bulge
- Rib hump
- Back pain
- Spondylosis – degenerative spinal disease
- Deformation of the vertebral bodies
Neoplasms (C00-D48)
- Risk of cancer in scoliosis patients is increased by 46 percent compared with the general population; probable cause is frequent X-rays
Symptoms and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified (R00-R99)
- Pain
