Products
Sodium dodecyl sulfate (sodium lauryl sulfate) is used as an excipient in many liquid, semi-solid and solid pharmaceuticals. It is also used in personal care products and foods.
Structure and properties
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates consisting mainly of sodium dodecyl sulfate (C12H25NaO4S, Mr = 288.4 g/mol). It exists as a white to pale yellow powder or crystals and is readily soluble in water. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is one of the anionic emulsifiers. It has both lipophilic and hydrophilic properties and is therefore called amphiphilic. Sodium dodecyl sulfate is usually made from lauryl alcohol (dodecan-1-ol), which typically comes from palm oil or coconut oil.
Effects
Sodium dodecyl sulfate has emulsifying (surface-active), cleansing, foaming, and antimicrobial properties.
Areas of application
Sodium dodecyl sulfate is mainly used as an emulsifier in pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, it is used as a lubricant for tablets, to promote release, as a solubilizer and as a foaming agent.
Adverse effects
Possible adverse effects include local skin reactions. Sodium lauryl sulfate is a possible risk factor for the development of aphthae and other oral mucosal disorders. Therefore, SLS-free dental care products have been developed.