Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90).
- Metabolic derangements, e.g., in the setting of diabetes mellitus (diabetic coma) or liver disease, in which there may be impaired consciousness with emesis (vomiting)
Cardiovascular system (I00-I99).
- Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICB; cerebral hemorrhage).
- Cerebral sinus vein thrombosis (SVT) – occlusion of a cerebral sinus (large venous blood vessels of the brain arising from duraduplications) by a thrombus (blood clot); clinical presentation: headache, congestive papules, and epileptic seizures
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).
- Bacterial meningitis (meningitis).
Psyche – nervous system (F00-F99; G00-G99)
- Cluster headache – pain occurs in attacks and is unilateral and severe; usually located behind the eye; the marked urge to move associated with the attack is described as pathognomonic (proving a disease)!
- Hydrocephalus – pathological expansion of the fluid spaces filled with cerebrospinal fluid (brain ventricles) of the brain.
- Meningitis (meningitis)
- Meningoencephalitis (combined inflammation of the brain (encephalitis) and meninges (meningitis)).
- Migraine
Symptoms and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not elsewhere classified (R00-R99).
- Meningismus (painful neck stiffness) of other cause.
Injuries, poisonings, and other sequelae of external causes (S00-T98).
- Intoxications (poisonings)
- Traumatic brain injury (TBI) – injuries to the skull involving the brain.
Other differential diagnoses
- Insufficient cerebrospinal fluid shunt (synonym: cerebral shunt) – surgically created connection between the ventricular system of the brain and other body cavities; is used, among other things, in occlusive hydrocephalus (hydrocephalus occlusus; pathological/diseased expansion of the fluid-filled fluid spaces (cerebral ventricles) of the brain) and serves to drain the cerebrospinal fluid (brain water).
