Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, and obligatory laboratory parameters – for differential diagnostic clarification.
- Sonography (ultrasound examination) of the urinary tract and testes (scrotal sonography) – for basic diagnosis or exclusion of ureteral stones or testicular pathologies (pathological conditions of the testes).
- Transrectal prostate sonography (ultrasound examination of the prostate) – to exclude prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate).
- Computed tomography (CT) of the pelvis (pelvic CT) – for unclear findings in sonography.
- Diaphanoscopy (fluoroscopy of body parts through an attached light source; here: Scrotum (scrotum)) – if hydrocele (water hernia, i.e. accumulation of serous fluid in the testicular sheaths) is suspected.
- I.v. pyelogram (synonyms: IVP; i.v. urogram; urogram; i.v. urography; excretory urography; excretory pyelogram; intravenous excretory urogram; radiographic imaging of the urinary organs or urinary tract system) or computed tomography (CT) – if a ureteral stone (ureteral stone) is suspected.
- X-ray of the lumbar spine (lumbar spine) and abdomen (abdomen) – if referred pain is suspected (e.g., spinal pathology or ureteral stone)
Further notes
- Of a total of 18,593 scrotal sonographic examinations (testicular ultrasound), 7,668 (41%) had been performed for scrotal (“scrotal-related”) and testicular (“testicular-related”) pain or discomfort in the testicular region. The findings were as follows:
- Normal findings (2,600 of 7,668 patients = 33.9%).
- Benign (benign) finding (3,616 of 7,668 patients = 47.2%)
- Inflammatory or infectious process (1,281 of 7,668 patients = 16.7%)
- Surgery required (121 of 7,668 patients = 1.58%).
