Threonine is an essential amino acid that can perform several functions in metabolism due to its hydroxyl group. It is a component of most proteins in the body, with a particularly high proportion present in connective tissue. Threonine occurs in four stereoisomeric forms, with only L-threonine with the (2S,3R) configuration being considered for protein construction. … Threonine: Function & Diseases
The pectoralis reflex is a stretch reflex of the pectoralis muscle that is one of the intrinsic reflexes. Stretching of the muscle tendon causes the muscle to contract in this process, inducing abduction of the upper arm at the shoulder joint. A pathologically altered pectoralis reflex is present in the setting of various nerve injuries. … Pectoralis Reflex: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
By the abdominal skin reflex, neurologists mean an extraneous reflex that causes the abdominal muscles to contract when the abdominal skin is brushed. The polysynaptic reflex is wired through the spinal cord, and its absence may indicate pyramidal damage. Multiple sclerosis is a possible cause of such a lesion. What is the abdominal skin reflex? … Abdominal Skin Reflex: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Myopathies are muscle diseases. In most cases, the striated skeletal muscles are affected. For example, muscular dystrophies or myotonic syndromes belong to the group of myopathies. What are myopathies? The term myopathy comes from Greek and means muscle disease. Accordingly, myopathies are diseases of the muscles. They usually affect the striated muscles of the skeleton. … Myopathy: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
An explosive drive to the point, this is the infamous quick strength. Emerging during evolution as an advantageous factor in the struggle for survival, the importance of quick strength continues unabated in modern times. What is quick strength? Quick strength is a physical energy performance in which muscles produce an explosive effect in a very … Rapid Strength: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
By the cremasteric reflex, physicians mean the polysynaptic external reflex of the cremasteric muscle that moves the testes upward in response to stimuli. The reflex is exhaustible and may therefore be absent due to age physiology. Abnormal reflex behavior of the cremaster muscle, on the other hand, may also indicate spinal cord lesions. What is … Cremasteric Reflex: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Clauß sign is the neurologist’s term for a pyramidal tract sign closely related to the Strümpell sign. The Clauß sign is a co-movement of the phalanges and occurs when the knee is flexed against resistance. The sign may indicate motoneuronal damage. What is the Clauß sign? Clauß sign is a co-movement of the phalanges and … Clauss Sign: Function, Task & Diseases
In neurology, the Babinski reflex is a pathological foot limb reflex from the pyramidal tract group. This reflex group refers to damage to the motor neurons through which motor function is controlled in humans. Such damage can occur in the context of diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). What is … Babinski Reflex: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Muscle fibers form the basic cellular and working unit of all skeletal muscles in humans. They can range in length from less than 1 mm to 50 cm with a thickness of about 0.01 to 0.2 mm. Several muscle fibers become muscle fiber bundles, which – also combined into several – form the muscle in … Muscle Fiber: Structure, Function & Diseases
According to the definition, muscle cramps (spec. spasm) is an involuntary and at the same time unavoidable, permanent contraction of a muscle, or a muscle group, which is accompanied by severe pain and limited mobility of the cramping body part. What are muscle cramps? Muscle cramps can occur spontaneously at rest, or after intense muscle … Muscle Cramps: Causes, Treatment & Help
Body movement is brought about by purposeful or involuntary contraction and subsequent relaxation of muscle fibers. If the function of individual nerves or the entire nervous system is disturbed in this process by disease or damage, the impulses to trigger muscle activity can no longer be transmitted properly. This can lead to a dysfunction of … Muscle Paralysis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
In progressive bulbar paralysis, the motor cranial nerve nuclei of the trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus, and hypoglossal nerves die. This atrophy results in paralysis of the face and esophagus. Similar symptomatology characterizes ALS, so progressive bulbar paralysis is sometimes referred to as an ALS subtype. What is progressive bulbar paralysis? Progressive bulbar palsy is a … Progressive Bulbar Paralysis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
