Products Abemaciclib was approved in the form of film-coated tablets in the United States in 2017, in the EU in 2018, and in many countries in 2019 (Verzenios). Structure and properties Abemaciclib (C27H32F2N8, Mr = 506.6 g/mol) exists as a white to yellow powder. Effects Abemaciclib (ATC L01XE50) has antitumor and antiproliferative properties. The effects … Abemaciclib
Products Exemestane is commercially available in the form of dragées and film-coated tablets (Aromasin, generics). It has been approved in many countries since 1999. Structure and properties Exemestane (C20H24O2, Mr = 296.4 g/mol), unlike other aromatase inhibitors, has a steroidal structure and resembles the natural substrate androstenedione. It exists as a white to slightly yellowish … Exemestane
Active ingredients Nonsteroidal estrogen antagonists (SERMs). Tamoxifen (Nolvadex, generic). Toremifene (Fareston, off label). Clomiphene (Serophene, out of trade). Steroids: Fulvestrant (Faslodex) Indications Mammary carcinoma (breast cancer) Ovarian stimulation
Products Anastrozole is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Arimidex, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1996. Structure and properties Anastrozole (C17H19N5, Mr = 293.4 g/mol) exists as a white powder that is very sparingly soluble in water. It is a triazole derivative with a non-steroidal structure. Effects Anastrozole (ATC … Anastrozole
Products Letrozole is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Femara, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1997. Structure and properties Letrozole (C17H11N5, Mr = 285.3 g/mol) is a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor. It exists as a white to yellowish crystalline powder that is nearly odorless and virtually insoluble in water. Letrozole … Letrozole
Products Tamoxifen is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Nolvadex, generic). It was synthesized in 1962 and tested as a contraceptive (“morning-after pill”) but was not suitable for this purpose. It was first used as a breast cancer drug in the early 1970s. It has been approved in many countries since 1976. Structure … Tamoxifen (Nolvadex): Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
Products Doping agents include approved drugs, legal and illegal intoxicants, experimental agents, and illegally manufactured and trafficked substances. Doping includes non-drug doping methods, such as blood doping, in addition to drugs. Effects Doping agents differ in their pharmacological activities. Stimulants, for example, stimulate and thus increase alertness and aggressiveness for competition. In contrast, beta-blockers provide … Doping in Competitive Sports
Definition A dose is usually the amount of an active pharmaceutical ingredient or drug intended for administration. It is often expressed in milligrams (mg). However, indications such as micrograms (µg), grams (g), or millimoles (mmol) are also commonly used. Examples and terms The aromatase inhibitor letrozole is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets … Dose
Definition There are many ways to fight a tumor disease, one of them is hormone therapy. Breast cancer is often associated with hormones, so that hormone therapy can be used to influence the hormone balance. Among other things, this can result in slower growth. Forms of hormone therapy These are the different types of hormone … Hormone therapy for breast cancer
Why is hormone therapy also useful after breast cancer? In tumors that have hormone receptors, the estrogen produced by the body leads to faster tumor growth. In order to prevent or slow down the growth, it is therefore necessary either to stop the hormone production (by radiation or removal of the ovaries) or to prevent … Why is hormone therapy also useful after breast cancer? | Hormone therapy for breast cancer
What are the side effects of hormone therapy? Depending on the active ingredient, various side effects may occur. Antiestrogens such as tamoxifen or fulvestrant typically cause menopausal symptoms because they suppress the effect of the estrogen. These include: In addition, the lack of effect of the estrogen can lead to increased growth of the lining … What are the side effects of hormone therapy? | Hormone therapy for breast cancer
Disadvantages of hormone therapy Hormone therapy has some disadvantages. These include, for example, the very long duration of treatment. As a rule, anti-hormonal therapies must be maintained for 5 to 10 years. This is due to the low aggressiveness of this form of treatment. Another disadvantage of hormone therapy can be temporary menopausal symptoms. Duration … Disadvantages of hormone therapy | Hormone therapy for breast cancer
