Products No drugs containing dihydroartemisinin are currently approved in many countries. However, the prodrug artemether (Riamet, with lumefantrine), which is metabolized in the body to dihydroartemisinin, is available. It is also combined fixed with piperaquine; see Piperaquine and Dihydroartemisinin. Structure and properties Dihydroartemisinin (C15H24O5, Mr = 284.3 g/mol) is derived from artemisinin from annual mugwort … Dihydroartemisinin
Definition Peroxides are organic or inorganic compounds with the general chemical structure R1-O-O-R2. The simplest and best known representative is hydrogen peroxide (H2O2): H-O-O-H. Peroxides can also form the peroxide anion O22−, for example, lithium peroxide: Li2O2. Nomenclature The trivial names of peroxides are often formed with the suffix -peroxide or the prefix Per-. Representative … Peroxides
Stem plant Asteraceae, annual mugwort. see also under common mugwort. Medicinal drug Artemisiae herba – Mugwort herb. Ingredients Sesquiterpenes: artemisinin. Chemical derivatives: artemether, arteether, artelinate, artesunate. Effects Antiparasitic against plasmodia. Indications for use Malaria (pure substance and chemical derivatives). Dosage In finished drug products: Artemether (Riamet + lumefantrine).
Artemether is a so-called chemotherapeutic agent, which in Germany is prescribed only for the treatment of special malaria tropica and is sold in pharmacies as Riamet. It is rarely prescribed in Germany compared to other drugs of this type and is also suitable for self-treatment. What is artemether? Artemether is a so-called chemotherapeutic drug, which … Artemether: Effects, Uses & Risks
The secondary plant pigment artemisinin from the flowers and leaves of the annual mugwort is used to treat malaria. The drug is used primarily in areas where other antimalarial drugs are ineffective against multidrug-resistant pathogens. The remedy is already mentioned in traditional Chinese medicine, which is thousands of years old. What is artemisinin? The secondary … Artemisinin: Effects, Uses & Risks
Products Lumefantrine is commercially available in tablet form as a fixed combination with artemether (Riamet). It has been approved in many countries since 1999. Structure and properties Lumefantrine (C30H32Cl3NO, Mr = 528.9 g/mol) is a racemate. It exists as a yellow crystalline powder that is insoluble in water. Effects Lumefantrine (ATC P01BF01) has antiparasitic properties. … Lumefantrine
Symptoms Malaria (Italian, “bad air”) manifests itself in the following symptoms, which usually appear a few weeks after transmission. The incubation period ranges from a few days to several years: High fever, sometimes with rhythmic attacks of fever, every second or third day. However, the fever may also occur irregularly. Chills, profuse sweating. Headache, muscle … Malaria Causes and Treatment
Effects Antiparasitic against plasmodia. Indications Malaria Malaria prophylaxis Also for the treatment of rheumatic diseases, lupus erythematosus. Off-label: some antimalarials such as quinine and chloroquine are used off-label to treat calf cramps. Active ingredients Aminoquinolines: Amodiaquine Chloroquine (Nivaquine, out of commerce). Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) Mepacrine Pamaquin Piperaquine Primaquine Tafenoquin (crinoline) Biguanides: Proguanil (Malarone + Atovaquone). Cycloguanilembonate … Antimalarials
Products Artemether is commercially available as tablets and dispersible tablets as a fixed combination with lumefantrine (Riamet, some countries: Coartem). It has been approved in many countries since 1999. Structure and properties Artemether (C16H26O5, Mr = 298.4 g/mol) is a methyl ether dervate of the sesquiterpene artemisinin from the annual mugwort (, Qing Hao), a … Artemether
Products No drugs containing artesunate are currently approved in many countries. Structure and properties Artesunate (C19H28O8, Mr = 384.4 g/mol) is a succinyl derivative and a prodrug of dihydroartemisinin. It is derived from artemisinin from annual mugwort (, qing hao), a medicinal plant used in traditional Chinese medicine. Effects Artesunate (ATC P01BE03) has antiparasitic properties … Artesunate
