Products No drugs containing dihydroartemisinin are currently approved in many countries. However, the prodrug artemether (Riamet, with lumefantrine), which is metabolized in the body to dihydroartemisinin, is available. It is also combined fixed with piperaquine; see Piperaquine and Dihydroartemisinin. Structure and properties Dihydroartemisinin (C15H24O5, Mr = 284.3 g/mol) is derived from artemisinin from annual mugwort … Dihydroartemisinin
Products Tafenoquine was approved in the United States in 2018 in tablet form (Krintafel, Arakoda). Structure and properties Tafenoquine (C24H28F3N3O3, Mr = 463.5 g/mol) is an 8-aminoquinoline derivative present in the drug as tafenoquine succinate. It is a derivative of primaquine. The drug was first synthesized in 1978 at the Walter Reed Army Institute of … Tafenoquine
Products Hydroxychloroquine is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Plaquenil, auto-generic: Hydroxychloroquine Zentiva). It has been approved in many countries since 1998. Unlike the closely related chloroquine, it is currently on sale. Generic drugs are registered. Structure and properties Hydroxychloroquine (C18H26ClN3O, Mr = 335.9 g/mol) is an aminoquinoline derivative. It is present in … Hydroxychloroquine
Products Quinine is approved in many countries in the form of dragées for malaria therapy (quinine sulfate 250 Hänseler). In Germany, film-coated tablets of 200 mg quinine sulfate are commercially available for the treatment of calf cramps (Limptar N). Structure and properties Quinine (C20H24N2O2, Mr = 324.4 g/mol) usually exists as quinine sulfate, a white … Quinine
Products Halofantrine was approved in 1988 and is now no longer available as a finished drug in many countries and many more. Halfan tablets (GlaxoSmithKline AG, 250 mg) are off the market. Structure and properties Halofantrine (C26H30Cl2F3NO, Mr = 500.4 g/mol) is a racemate and a halogenated phenanthrene derivative. It is also known as phenanthrene … Halofantrine
Products Mefloquine is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (generic: mephaquine). The active ingredient was approved in many countries in 1984. Distribution of the original Lariam (Roche) was discontinued in 2014 for commercial reasons. Structure and properties Mefloquine (C17H16F6N2O, Mr = 378.3 g/mol) is a fluorinated quinoline and piperidine derivative and an analog … Mefloquine
Products Proguanil is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets and exclusively as a fixed combination with atovaquone (Malarone, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1997. Generics went on sale in 2013. Structure and properties Proguanil (C11H16ClN5, Mr = 253.7 g/mol) is an active ingredient of the biguanide group. It exists … Proguanil
Products No medicines containing primaquine are currently registered in many countries. Structure and properties Primaquine (C15H21N3O, Mr = 259.3 g/mol) is an 8-aminoquinoline derivative and a racetate. It is present in drugs as primaquine bishydrogen phosphate, an orange crystalline powder that is soluble in water. Primaquine is derived from plasmoquine. It was developed in the … Primaquine
Products Chloroquine was commercially available in tablet form (Nivaquine). It was approved in many countries since 1953. Its distribution was discontinued in 2019. It was first synthesized in 1934 by Hans Andersag at Bayer in Elberfeld (I.G. Farbenindustrie). Currently, medicines containing chloroquine are no longer available in many countries. Magisterial formulations can be made in … Chloroquine
Products Mepacrine is no longer commercially available in many countries. At best, mepacrine capsules could be prepared as a magisterial formulation in a well-equipped pharmacy. Alternatively, other antimalarials such as chloroquine or quinine could be used. Structure and properties Mepacrine (C23H30ClN3O, Mr = 399.96 g/mol) is a pale yellow crystalline powder that is soluble in … Mepacrine
Products Lumefantrine is commercially available in tablet form as a fixed combination with artemether (Riamet). It has been approved in many countries since 1999. Structure and properties Lumefantrine (C30H32Cl3NO, Mr = 528.9 g/mol) is a racemate. It exists as a yellow crystalline powder that is insoluble in water. Effects Lumefantrine (ATC P01BF01) has antiparasitic properties. … Lumefantrine
Products Artemether is commercially available as tablets and dispersible tablets as a fixed combination with lumefantrine (Riamet, some countries: Coartem). It has been approved in many countries since 1999. Structure and properties Artemether (C16H26O5, Mr = 298.4 g/mol) is a methyl ether dervate of the sesquiterpene artemisinin from the annual mugwort (, Qing Hao), a … Artemether
