Products The first therapeutic monoclonal antibody was approved in 1986. Muromonab-CD3 (Orthoclone OKT3) binds to the CD3 receptor on T cells and has been used in transplantation medicine. Numerous drugs containing antibodies are now available. A selection of active substances can be found at the end of this article. These are expensive drugs. For example, … Monoclonal Antibodies
Symptoms In osteoporosis, bones become weak, porous, and brittle and undergo structural changes. Even minor stresses can lead to a fracture, especially of the vertebrae, femoral neck, and wrists. Fractures pose a risk to the elderly and can lead to pain, hospitalization, surgery and disability. In the worst cases, they are even life-threatening. Other possible … Osteoporosis Causes and Treatment
Products Denosumab is commercially available as a solution for injection in a prefilled syringe (Prolia). The antibody was approved in many countries, in the United States, and in the EU in 2010. Denosumab is also used in tumor therapy (Xgeva). This article relates to osteoporosis treatment. Structure and properties Denosumab is a human IgG2 monoclonal … Denosumab
What is Prolia®? Since 2010 the active ingredient Denosumab is on the market, which is distributed by the company AMGEN under the trade names Prolia® and XGEVA®. The human monoclonal IgG2 anti-RANKL antibody is used for the treatment of bone loss (osteoporosis). The efficacy is achieved by Denosumab interfering with the so-called RANK/RANKL system of … Prolia®.
Mode of action All bones are in a state of constant remodeling. Two types of bone cells are particularly important for bone metabolism: osteoblasts (for bone formation) and osteoclasts (for bone resorption). These communicate with each other by means of various signal molecules. The RANKL molecule formed by osteoblasts is one such signal molecule. It … Mode of action | Prolia®.
Interactions No interaction studies were performed. However, the risk of interactions with other drugs is considered to be low. Miscellaneous Studies on the long-term risk and long-term benefit of Prolia® are not yet available. Also studies comparing the active ingredient Denosumab with similar drugs with a different mode of action, such as bisphosphonates, have not … Interactions | Prolia®.
