The joint space separates the joint surfaces. It contains synovial fluid that helps nourish, move, and protect the joints. When the joint space narrows or widens, there is a pathologic change in the joint. What is the joint space? Medicine distinguishes between unreal and real joints. In addition to cartilaginous bone joints, synchondroses and symphyses, … Joint Space: Structure, Function & Diseases
Pasteurella are parasitic pathogens of the Brucella family. Preferentially, the bacteria infect livestock but can be transmitted to humans. The rod-shaped bacterium Pasteurella pestis is considered the causative agent of bubonic and pneumonic plague. What are pasteurella? Parasites infest other living things and feed on the host organisms or use them for reproductive purposes. Most … Pasteurella: Infection, Transmission & Diseases
Fludarabine is a cytostatic drug used for the therapy of malignant diseases. For this purpose, it is applied intravenously as an infusion. What is fludarabine? Fludarabine is a cytostatic drug used for the therapy of malignant diseases. For this purpose, it is applied intravenously as an infusion. Fludarabine, also known as fludara or fludarabine-5-dihydrogen phosphate, … Fludarabine: Effects, Uses & Risks
Simvastatin is a classic statin and is used as a cholesterol-lowering agent. It was approved in 1990 and is used relatively frequently. What is simvastatin? Simvastatin, chemically (1S,3R,7S,8S,8aR)-8-{2-[(2R,4R)-4-hydroxy-6-oxooxan-2-yl]ethyl}-3,7-dimethyl-1,2,3,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl-2,2-dimethylbutanoate, is a drug used primarily as a cholesterol-lowering agent. Simvastatin is structurally derived from the naturally occurring monacolin K, also known as lovastatin. Simvastatin is partially synthetically … Simvastatin: Effects, Uses & Risks
Valproate is widely used in medicine to prevent seizures in epilepsy. In addition, it is often used as a phase prophylactic in bipolar disorder and schizoaffective psychosis. What is valproate? Valproate is widely used in medicine to prevent seizures in epilepsy. Valproates are salts of artificially produced valproic acid, which chemically belongs to the branched … Valproate: Effects, Uses & Risks
The cell cycle is a regularly occurring sequence of different phases in a body cell. The cell cycle always begins after a cell divides and ends after the next cell division is completed. What is the cell cycle? The cell cycle always starts after a division of the cell and ends after the completion of … Cell Cycle: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Ketanserin refers to a substance that has wound-healing and blood pressure-lowering properties. The active ingredient is a serotonin antagonist and acts on different receptors in the human brain. However, ketanserin does not have approval as a drug for these purposes in the Federal Republic and is only used clinically in exceptional cases. What is ketanserin? … Ketanserin: Effects, Uses & Risks
Pelvic floor EMG is a procedure used to diagnose urinary bladder voiding disorders. The function and activity of the musculature can be recorded and thus pathological changes can be detected. What is pelvic floor EMG? A pelvic floor EMG is applied to diagnose micturition disorders, a stress incontinence, anal incontinence or even constipation (constipation). Pelvic … Pelvic Floor EMG: Treatment, Effect & Risks
Amodiaquine is an active ingredient used to treat malaria. It is used as a monotherapy and combination preparation, particularly against malaria tropica, which is caused by the unicellular parasite Plasmodium falciparum. What is amodiaquine? Amodiaquine is an active ingredient used to treat malaria. Amodiaquine is an aromatic hydrocarbon. It belongs to the 4-amino-choline group and … Amodiaquine: Effects, Uses & Risks
The medical profession refers to a biochemical metabolization process in the first liver passage as the first-pass effect, which deforms drugs taken perorally into so-called metabolites and thus either attenuates or activates their efficacy. The intensity of metabolization in the liver is directly related to personal liver functions and thus may differ from patient to … First-pass Effect: Treatment, Effect & Risks
The term visceroception includes all sensory body systems that perceive the state and activity of internal organs, such as the digestive system and cardiopulmonary circulation. The various sensors report their perceptions mostly through afferent pathways of the autonomic nervous system to the brain, which processes the messages further. Most messages proceed unconsciously, so that after … Visceral Perception: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
In congenital knee dislocation, patients’ lower legs are twisted and their knee joint surfaces are in insufficient contact. Noninvasive stretches are now available as therapeutic measures. Only in extreme cases does the joint need to be surgically repositioned. What is congenital knee dislocation? Medicine refers to a dislocation when there is a complete or incomplete … Congenital Knee Dislocation: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
