COVID-19

Symptoms Symptoms of Covid-19 include (selection): Fever Cough (irritating cough or with sputum) Respiratory disorders, shortness of breath, shortness of breath. Feeling sick, fatigue Cold symptoms: runny nose, stuffy nose, sore throat. Pain in the limbs, muscle and joint pain. Gastrointestinal complaints: Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain. Nervous system: impairment of the sense of smell … COVID-19

Medicinal Mushrooms

Products Medicinal mushrooms are commercially available, for example, in the form of capsules, tablets and as powders as dietary supplements or as individually prepared mixtures. Also used are the pure ingredients that are extracted, synthetically produced or semi-synthetically modified. These are usually registered as medicinal products. About mushrooms Fungi are a very diverse group of … Medicinal Mushrooms

Multiple Sclerosis Causes and Treatment

Symptoms Possible symptoms of multiple sclerosis include: Weakness, numbness of the extremities. Visual disturbances, eye pain, optic neuritis. Paresthesias (eg, formication, tingling), pain, nerve pain. Tremor, coordination / balance disorders. Speech and swallowing disorders Dizziness, lightheadedness Fatigue Urinary incontinence, constipation Sexual function disorders, erectile dysfunction The disease is often relapsing and recurrent (relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis), … Multiple Sclerosis Causes and Treatment

Fingolimod

Products and approval Fingolimod is commercially available in capsule form (Gilenya) and has been approved in many countries since 2011. First generic products were registered in 2020 and entered the market in 2021. Fingolimod was the first specific multiple sclerosis drug to be administered orally, rather than being injected subcutaneously or as an infusion. In … Fingolimod

Prodrugs

What are prodrugs? Not all active pharmaceutical ingredients are directly active. Some must first be converted to the active substance by an enzymatic or non-enzymatic conversion step in the body. These are the so-called . The term was introduced by Adrien Albert in 1958. It is estimated that up to 10% of all active ingredients … Prodrugs

Immunosuppressants

Products Immunosuppressants are commercially available in numerous dosage forms, for example, as creams, ointments, tablets, capsules, solutions, eye drops, and injectables. Structure and properties Within immunosuppressants, several groups can be identified. These include steroids such as the glucocorticoids, substances of microbiological origin such as ciclosporin and mycophenolate mofetil, derivatives of nucleic acids and their components … Immunosuppressants

Siponimod

Products Siponimod was approved in film-coated tablet form in the United States in 2019 and in many countries in 2020 (Mayzent). Structure and properties Siponimod (C29H35F3N2O3, Mr = 516.6 g/mol) is present in the drug as a 2:1 co-crystal with the fumaric acid and as a white powder. The drug was developed starting from fingolimod, … Siponimod