The sneezing reflex is one of the protective reflexes and corresponds to a “fake” foreign reflex. Sneezing clears the upper airways of nasal secretions and foreign-body substances to ensure free breathing. Disturbances of the sneezing reflex occur mainly after damage to the nervous tissue involved peripherally and centrally, which includes the respiratory and gustatory centers … Sneezing Reflex: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
The formatio reticularis form a nerve plexus in the human brain that consists of gray as well as white matter (substantia alba and substantia grisea) and traverses the entire brainstem. It extends to the spinal cord and consists of extensive, diffusely connected neuron networks. The formatio reticularis controls, among other things, waking and sleeping states, … Formatio Reticularis: Structure, Function & Diseases
The urge to urinate corresponds to the conscious perception that the maximum filling volume of the bladder has been reached. Mechanoreceptors are located in the wall of the bladder, which register the pressure on the bladder with increasing filling level and transmit the information to the brain. What is the urge to urinate? The urge … Urinary Urgency: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
The strongest cardiac nerve is the cardiac cervical median nerve. Its origin is in the middle cervical ganglion, and it is involved in the control of cardiac function. Drugs and medications that affect the sympathetic nervous system (sympathomimetics and sympatholytics) can affect cardiac function via the cervical cardiac nerve and the other cardiac nerves. What … Cervical Median Cardiac Nerve: Structure, Function & Diseases
The substantia nigra represents a nuclear area in the midbrain that is dark in color and belongs to the extrapyramidal motor system. It thus contributes to the control of movements. Atrophy of the substantia nigra occurs in Parkinson’s syndromes and leads to the development of the cardinal symptoms of rigor, tremor, bradykinesia, and postural instability. … Substantia Nigra: Structure, Function & Diseases
