The spine is the supporting element of our statics. Therefore, it is also equipped with countless ligaments, bones, joints, muscles and other soft tissues. However, this also offers a multitude of points of attack for injuries. In the following articles around the spinal column are listed.
The periosteum (periosteum) coats each bone of the body except for the articular surfaces. In the skull, the periosteum is called the pericranium. Inner surfaces of bones, for example long bones, are covered by a thinner skin called endost or endosteum. The periosteum is highly innervated and permeated with blood vessels. Its main function is … Periosteum: Structure, Function & Diseases
Collagen is associated with human connective tissue. In fact, connective tissue is made up of different types of collagen, which is the most important element of connective tissue cells. Teeth, tendons, ligaments, bones, cartilage, blood vessels, and the largest organ in humans – the skin – are all made of a protein called collagen. What … Collagen: Structure, Function & Diseases
Joint pain, or arthralgia, is pain with different characteristics. Joint pain can occur with osteoarthritis, bruises, and dislocations, among other conditions. What is joint pain? Infographic of pain regions and affected joints in rheumatoid arthritis. Click image to enlarge. Joint pain is referred to in medical terminology as arthralgia. It can affect all joints of … Joint Pain: Causes, Treatment & Help
In the stretch-shortening cycle (DVZ), an eccentric stretch of a muscle is followed by a concentric contraction of the same muscle, which conserves energy and uses the kinetic energy from the stretch. The DVZ plays an important role in reactive movements and is triggered by muscle flexibility and the stretch reflex. Disorders of the cycle … Elongation-shortening Cycle: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
The stretch reflex refers to the intrinsic reflex in which stretching of the muscle results in contraction of the muscle to either maintain or change muscle length. The stretch reflex is built on a monosynaptic reflex arc and is measured by the muscle spindles, which protect the muscle from overstretching. A medical professional tests the … Stretch Reflex: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Fibroblasts are anabolic cells. They produce all the fibers and molecular components of connective tissue, giving it its structure and strength. What are fibroblasts? Fibroblasts are connective tissue cells in the strict sense. They are motile and divisible and produce all the important components of intercellular substance. This is the basic structure in tissue into … Fibroblasts: Structure, Function & Diseases
The connective tissue is responsible for the cohesion of the organs in the body. It must have a certain elasticity in order to fulfill its sliding and displacement function in the organism. Loss of connective tissue elasticity can lead to serious diseases. What is connective tissue elasticity? Connective tissue does not represent a single type … Connective Tissue Elasticity: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
The retinaculum patellae is an important component of the ligament system responsible for holding the kneecap in place. Its most important function is to prevent patellar dislocation. What is the retinaculum patellae? If one bases the translation of the Latin terms on the German, the term is thus already very aptly defined. Patella means the … Retinaculum Patellae: Structure, Function & Diseases
The joint space separates the joint surfaces. It contains synovial fluid that helps nourish, move, and protect the joints. When the joint space narrows or widens, there is a pathologic change in the joint. What is the joint space? Medicine distinguishes between unreal and real joints. In addition to cartilaginous bone joints, synchondroses and symphyses, … Joint Space: Structure, Function & Diseases
There are a number of diseases of the joints that require them to be closely examined from the inside. Modern arthroscopy, or joint endoscopy, makes it possible to do just that without the need for major surgery, as was necessary before its invention. What is arthroscopy? Schematic diagram of an arthroscopy of the shoulder joint. … Arthroscopy: Treatment, Effects & Risks
By the term stiff joints or joint stiffness, physicians understand a stiffening of joints, which results in a restriction of movement. This can have various causes and accordingly also appear differently pronounced. Under certain circumstances, diseases can lead to irreparable stiffening of the affected joints, which makes surgery necessary. What are stiff joints? Stiff joints, … Stiff Joints (Joint Stiffness): Causes, Treatment & Help
