Introduction
The patellar tendon is a rough ligament that leads from the kneecap (patella) to a rough elevation (tuberositas tibiae) at the front of the shin bone (tibia). The band is about six millimeters thick and five centimeters long. The patellar tendon is an extension of the attachment tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle and is therefore essential for stretching the knee joint.
In addition, the patella tendon with its fiber trains secures the joint capsule of the knee joint. The kneecap deflects the pull of the quadriceps muscle, which makes it easier to stretch and transfer force in the knee joint. The patella tendon is subject to great stress, especially in athletes. When a new or resumed heavy load is applied, the patella tendon can become painful, inflamed or, in the case of existing damage, even tear. Young people and athletes often suffer from the so-called patellar tendon syndrome, in which it hurts to anchor the ligament to the patella.
Cause of diseases
When stretching the knee, extreme forces act on the patella tendon. These are further intensified by sudden braking when stopping from a sprint or by the braking forces when landing from a jump. The patella tendon is also heavily loaded when lifting heavy weights. These strains can lead to various diseases or injuries.
Pain/symptoms
Pain in the area of the patella tendon is common. Not only professional and competitive athletes, but also recreational athletes can develop pain in this area. Pain after particularly high loads on the patella tendon is typical.
These are especially sports involving jumps and sprints, such as hurdles. Even heavy braking when the knee is bent can put strain on the tendon. The pain is then particularly severe when the knee is bent and stretched against resistance, such as when climbing stairs, walking downhill or when lifting heavy loads.
At rest, the pain can often be triggered by pressure on the patella tendon. In most cases a sports break is sufficient to get rid of the pain. Afterwards, the leg muscles should be slowly strengthened again (see below).
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