Osteoblastoma (synonyms: giant osteoid osteoma; osteogenic fibroma; genu osteoblastoma; cementoblastoma; ICD-10-GM D16.9: Benign neoplasm of bone and articular cartilage, unspecified) is a benign (benign) neoplasm (new growth) of bone. It originates from osteoblasts (bone-forming cells).
Morphologically (“concerning the shape”) they resemble osteoid osteomas. However, they are larger, which is why they are called giant osteoid osteomas.
Osteoblastomas belong to the primary bone tumors. Typical for primary tumors is their respective course and that they can be assigned to a certain age range (see “Frequency peak”) as well as a characteristic localization (see under “Symptoms – complaints”). They occur more frequently at the sites of most intensive longitudinal growth (metaepiphyseal/articular region). This explains why bone tumors occur more frequently during puberty. They grow infiltratively (invading/displacing), crossing anatomical boundary layers. Secondary bone tumors also grow infiltratively, but usually do not cross boundaries.
Sex ratio: boys/men to girls/women is 2: 1.
Peak incidence: osteoblastoma occurs predominantly between the ages of 10 and 35.
Osteoblastoma accounts for 1% of all bone tumors and 3% of all benign (benign) tumors.
The course and prognosis depend on the location and extent of the osteoblastoma. Benign (benign) tumors can initially be waited for and observed (“watch and wait” strategy). Osteoblastomas may be slow growing, but may also exhibit aggressive behavior (rare), resembling malignant (malignant) tumors. If pain becomes severe or the osteoblastoma causes further discomfort, it is surgically removed. In general, the prognosis for patients with osteoblastoma is good.
Osteoblastoma has a tendency to recur (come back).
Malignant (malignant) degeneration has not been reported to date.