Products
Clotrimazole is commercially available as creams, creams, ointments, sprays, vaginal tablets, and vaginal creams alone or in combination with other active ingredients (e.g., Canesten, Gyno-Canesten, Imacort, Imazol, Triderm). It has been approved in many countries since 1973.
Structure and properties
Clotrimazole (C22H17ClN2, Mr = 344.8 g/mol) is a chlorinated phenylmethylimidazole derivative. It exists as a white to pale yellow powder that is practically insoluble in water.
Effects
Clotrimazole (ATC D01AC01) has antifungal properties against dermatophytes, yeasts, molds, and other fungi. It also has antibacterial properties. The effects are due to inhibition of ergosterol synthesis, an essential component of the fungal cell membrane.
Indications
For the treatment of fungal skin infections with dermatophytes, yeasts, molds, and other fungi. In the form of vaginal tablets or as a vaginal cream, clotrimazole is used for vaginal fungus and as an adjunct treatment for trichomoniasis.
Dosage
According to the SmPC. For the treatment of fungal skin infection, the drug is applied two to three times daily. Treatment should be continued for several days after improvement.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity, including to other azole antifungals.
Full precautions can be found in the drug label.
Interactions
Clotrimazole may reverse the effects of polyenes such as amphotericin B with concomitant external use. When used vaginally, the effectiveness of condoms and diaphragms may be impaired.
Adverse effects
Possible adverse effects of treatment include hypersensitivity reactions and local reactions.
