Products
Cyproheptadine is no longer commercially available in many countries (formerly Periactin). In the United States, it is available in tablet, syrup, and powder forms, among others.
Structure and properties
Cyproheptadine (C21H21N, Mr = 287.4 g/mol) is a methylpiperidine derivative structurally related to pizotifen (Mosegor, off label). It is present in drugs as cyproheptadine hydrochloride, a white to yellowish powder that is soluble in water.
Effects
Cyproheptadine (ATC R06AX02) has antihistamine, antiserotoninergic, anticholinergic, and depressant properties. The effects are due to competitive antagonism at the appropriate receptor systems.
Indications
For the treatment of allergic diseases, for example, allergic rhinitis and urticaria. In the literature, cyproheptadine is also recommended for the treatment of appetite deficiency and other potential indications.
Abuse
Abuse of high doses has been reported.
Dosage
According to the professional information.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Infants
- Infants
- Breastfeeding
- Concurrent treatment with an MAO inhibitor.
- Glaucoma
- Stomach or intestinal ulcer
- Prostate enlargement
- Urinary retention
- Intestinal obstruction
For complete precautions, see the drug label.
Interactions
Drug interactions are possible with alcohol, central depressant medications, MAO inhibitors, and anticholinergics, among others.
Adverse effects
Possible adverse effects include fatigue, drowsiness, dullness, central disturbances, visual disturbances, allergic reactions, dry mouth, indigestion, urinary retention, dry mucous membranes, and increased appetite.
