Products
Dequalinium chloride is commercially available in the form of vaginal tablets, which have been approved in many countries since 2002 (Fluomizin). Other dosage forms, such as lozenges, are available for other indications. This article refers to vaginal therapy.
Structure and properties
Dequalinium chloride (C30H40Cl2N4, Mr = 527.6 g/mol) exists as a yellowish white powder that is sparingly soluble in water. It is a derivative of quinoline and a quaternary ammonium compound.
Effects
Dequalinium chloride (ATC G01AC05) has local antimicrobial properties against aerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, yeast fungi of the genus Candida, and protozoa (Trichomonas vaginalis). Dequalinium chloride is surface active and increases cell permeability, eventually leading to cell death.
Indications
For the treatment of vaginal discharge of bacterial and mycotic origin (e.g., bacterial vaginosis and vaginal fungus).
Dosage
According to the SmPC. The tablets are inserted deeply into the vagina with the patient in the supine position with the legs slightly bent each night before bed for six days.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Ulceration of the vaginal epithelium and the vaginal part of the cervix.
- Young girls before the first appearance of menstruation at puberty (menarche).
Full precautions can be found in the drug label.
Interactions
Concomitant use of soaps, spermicides, or vaginal douches is not advised because soaps and surfactants reduce the effectiveness of dequalinium chloride.
Adverse effects
Possible adverse effects include local reactions such as itching, burning, or redness.